TY - JOUR
T1 - Extensive Wastewater-Based Epidemiology as a Resourceful Tool for SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance in a Low-to-Middle-Income Country through a Successful Collaborative Quest
T2 - WBE, Mobility, and Clinical Tests
AU - Sosa-Hernández, Juan Eduardo
AU - Oyervides-Muñoz, Mariel Araceli
AU - Melchor-Martínez, Elda M.
AU - Driver, Erin M.
AU - Bowes, Devin A.
AU - Kraberger, Simona
AU - Lucero-Saucedo, Sofia Liliana
AU - Fontenele, Rafaela S.
AU - Parra-Arroyo, Lizeth
AU - Holland, Larinda A.
AU - Peña-Benavides, Samantha Ayde
AU - Newell, Melanie Engstrom
AU - Martínez-Ruiz, Manuel
AU - Adhikari, Sangeet
AU - Rodas-Zuluaga, Laura Isabel
AU - Kumar, Rahul
AU - López-Pacheco, Itzel Y.
AU - Castillo-Zacarias, Carlos
AU - Iqbal, Hafiz M.N.
AU - Lim, Efrem S.
AU - Salas-Limón, Daniel
AU - Varsani, Arvind
AU - Halden, Rolf U.
AU - Parra-Saldívar, Roberto
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/6/1
Y1 - 2022/6/1
N2 - The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged healthcare systems worldwide. Efforts in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs) cannot keep stride with infection rates, especially during peaks. A strong international collaboration between Arizona State University (ASU), Tec de Monterrey (TEC), and Servicios de Agua y Drenaje de Monterrey (Local Water Utilities) is acting to integrate wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) of SARS-CoV-2 in the region as a complementary approach to aid the healthcare system. Wastewater was collected from four sewer catchments in the Monterrey Metropolitan area in Mexico (pop. 4,643,232) from mid-April 2020 to February 2021 (44 weeks, n = 644). Raw wastewater was filtered and filter-concentrated, the RNA was extracted using columns, and the Charité/Berlin protocol was used for the RT-qPCR. The viral loads obtained between the first (June 2020) and second waves (February 2021) of the pandemic were similar; in contrast, the clinical cases were fewer during the first wave, indicating poor coverage. During the second wave of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 quantification in wastewater increased 14 days earlier than the COVID-19 clinical cases reported. This is the first long-term WBE study in Mexico and demonstrates its value in pandemic management.
AB - The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged healthcare systems worldwide. Efforts in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs) cannot keep stride with infection rates, especially during peaks. A strong international collaboration between Arizona State University (ASU), Tec de Monterrey (TEC), and Servicios de Agua y Drenaje de Monterrey (Local Water Utilities) is acting to integrate wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) of SARS-CoV-2 in the region as a complementary approach to aid the healthcare system. Wastewater was collected from four sewer catchments in the Monterrey Metropolitan area in Mexico (pop. 4,643,232) from mid-April 2020 to February 2021 (44 weeks, n = 644). Raw wastewater was filtered and filter-concentrated, the RNA was extracted using columns, and the Charité/Berlin protocol was used for the RT-qPCR. The viral loads obtained between the first (June 2020) and second waves (February 2021) of the pandemic were similar; in contrast, the clinical cases were fewer during the first wave, indicating poor coverage. During the second wave of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 quantification in wastewater increased 14 days earlier than the COVID-19 clinical cases reported. This is the first long-term WBE study in Mexico and demonstrates its value in pandemic management.
KW - SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater
KW - SARS-CoV-2 surveillance
KW - public health
KW - wastewater-based epidemiology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132184092&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.3390/w14121842
DO - 10.3390/w14121842
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85132184092
SN - 2073-4441
VL - 14
JO - Water (Switzerland)
JF - Water (Switzerland)
IS - 12
M1 - 1842
ER -