Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping: Instrument design

Eric R. Switzer; Emily M. Barrentine; Giuseppe Cataldo; Thomas Essinger-Hileman; Peter A.R. Ade; Christopher J. Anderson; Alyssa Barlis; Jeffrey Beeman; Nicholas Bellis; Alberto D. Bolatto; Patrick C. Breysse; Berhanu T. Bulcha; Lee Roger Chevres-Fernanadez; Chullhee Cho; Jake A. Connors; Negar Ehsan; Jason Glenn; Joseph Golec; James P. Hays-Wehle; Larry A. Hess; Amir E. Jahromi; Trevian Jenkins; Mark O. Kimball; Alan J. Kogut; Luke N. Lowe; Philip Mauskopf; Jeffrey McMahon; Mona Mirzaei; Harvey Moseley; Jonas Mugge-Durum; Omid Noroozian; Trevor M. Oxholm; Tatsat Parekh; Ue Li Pen; Anthony R. Pullen; Maryam Rahmani; Mathias M. Ramirez; Florian Roselli; Konrad Shire; Gage Siebert; Adrian K. Sinclair; Rachel S. Somerville; Ryan Stephenson; Thomas R. Stevenson; Peter Timbie; Jared Termini; Justin Trenkamp; Carole Tucker; Elijah Visbal; Carolyn G. Volpert; Edward J. Wollack; Shengqi Yang; L. Y. Aaron Yung

doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004

Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping: Instrument design

Eric R. Switzer, Emily M. Barrentine, Giuseppe Cataldo, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Peter A.R. Ade, Christopher J. Anderson, Alyssa Barlis, Jeffrey Beeman, Nicholas Bellis, Alberto D. Bolatto, Patrick C. Breysse, Berhanu T. Bulcha, Lee Roger Chevres-Fernanadez, Chullhee Cho, Jake A. Connors, Negar Ehsan, Jason Glenn, Joseph Golec, James P. Hays-Wehle, Larry A. HessAmir E. Jahromi, Trevian Jenkins, Mark O. Kimball, Alan J. Kogut, Luke N. Lowe, Philip Mauskopf, Jeffrey McMahon, Mona Mirzaei, Harvey Moseley, Jonas Mugge-Durum, Omid Noroozian, Trevor M. Oxholm, Tatsat Parekh, Ue Li Pen, Anthony R. Pullen, Maryam Rahmani, Mathias M. Ramirez, Florian Roselli, Konrad Shire, Gage Siebert, Adrian K. Sinclair, Rachel S. Somerville, Ryan Stephenson, Thomas R. Stevenson, Peter Timbie, Jared Termini, Justin Trenkamp, Carole Tucker, Elijah Visbal, Carolyn G. Volpert, Edward J. Wollack, Shengqi Yang, L. Y. Aaron Yung

Earth and Space Exploration, School of (SESE)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

The experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping (EXCLAIM) is a balloon-borne telescope designed to survey star formation in windows from the present to z = 3.5. During this time, the rate of star formation dropped dramatically, while dark matter continued to cluster. EXCLAIM maps the redshifted emission of singly ionized carbon lines and carbon monoxide using intensity mapping, which permits a blind and complete survey of emitting gas through statistics of cumulative brightness fluctuations. EXCLAIM achieves high sensitivity using a cryogenic telescope coupled to six integrated spectrometers employing kinetic inductance detectors covering 420 to 540 GHz with spectral resolving power R = 512 and angular resolution ≈4 arc min. The spectral resolving power and cryogenic telescope allow the survey to access dark windows in the spectrum of emission from the upper atmosphere. EXCLAIM will survey 305 deg2 in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 field from a conventional balloon flight in 2023. EXCLAIM will also map several galactic fields to study carbon monoxide and neutral carbon emission as tracers of molecular gas. We summarize the design phase of the mission.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	044004
Journal	Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
Volume	7
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004
State	Published - Oct 1 2021

Keywords

Galaxy formation
Integrated spectrometers
Lowerature detectors

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Control and Systems Engineering
Instrumentation
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Mechanical Engineering
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004

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Switzer, E. R., Barrentine, E. M., Cataldo, G., Essinger-Hileman, T., Ade, P. A. R., Anderson, C. J., Barlis, A., Beeman, J., Bellis, N., Bolatto, A. D., Breysse, P. C., Bulcha, B. T., Chevres-Fernanadez, L. R., Cho, C., Connors, J. A., Ehsan, N., Glenn, J., Golec, J., Hays-Wehle, J. P., ... Aaron Yung, L. Y. (2021). Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping: Instrument design. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, 7(4), Article 044004. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004

Switzer, ER, Barrentine, EM, Cataldo, G, Essinger-Hileman, T, Ade, PAR, Anderson, CJ, Barlis, A, Beeman, J, Bellis, N, Bolatto, AD, Breysse, PC, Bulcha, BT, Chevres-Fernanadez, LR, Cho, C, Connors, JA, Ehsan, N, Glenn, J, Golec, J, Hays-Wehle, JP, Hess, LA, Jahromi, AE, Jenkins, T, Kimball, MO, Kogut, AJ, Lowe, LN, Mauskopf, P, McMahon, J, Mirzaei, M, Moseley, H, Mugge-Durum, J, Noroozian, O, Oxholm, TM, Parekh, T, Pen, UL, Pullen, AR, Rahmani, M, Ramirez, MM, Roselli, F, Shire, K, Siebert, G, Sinclair, AK, Somerville, RS, Stephenson, R, Stevenson, TR, Timbie, P, Termini, J, Trenkamp, J, Tucker, C, Visbal, E, Volpert, CG, Wollack, EJ, Yang, S & Aaron Yung, LY 2021, 'Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping: Instrument design', Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, vol. 7, no. 4, 044004. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004

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title = "Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping: Instrument design",

abstract = "The experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping (EXCLAIM) is a balloon-borne telescope designed to survey star formation in windows from the present to z = 3.5. During this time, the rate of star formation dropped dramatically, while dark matter continued to cluster. EXCLAIM maps the redshifted emission of singly ionized carbon lines and carbon monoxide using intensity mapping, which permits a blind and complete survey of emitting gas through statistics of cumulative brightness fluctuations. EXCLAIM achieves high sensitivity using a cryogenic telescope coupled to six integrated spectrometers employing kinetic inductance detectors covering 420 to 540 GHz with spectral resolving power R = 512 and angular resolution ≈4 arc min. The spectral resolving power and cryogenic telescope allow the survey to access dark windows in the spectrum of emission from the upper atmosphere. EXCLAIM will survey 305 deg2 in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 field from a conventional balloon flight in 2023. EXCLAIM will also map several galactic fields to study carbon monoxide and neutral carbon emission as tracers of molecular gas. We summarize the design phase of the mission.",

keywords = "Galaxy formation, Integrated spectrometers, Lowerature detectors",

author = "Switzer, {Eric R.} and Barrentine, {Emily M.} and Giuseppe Cataldo and Thomas Essinger-Hileman and Ade, {Peter A.R.} and Anderson, {Christopher J.} and Alyssa Barlis and Jeffrey Beeman and Nicholas Bellis and Bolatto, {Alberto D.} and Breysse, {Patrick C.} and Bulcha, {Berhanu T.} and Chevres-Fernanadez, {Lee Roger} and Chullhee Cho and Connors, {Jake A.} and Negar Ehsan and Jason Glenn and Joseph Golec and Hays-Wehle, {James P.} and Hess, {Larry A.} and Jahromi, {Amir E.} and Trevian Jenkins and Kimball, {Mark O.} and Kogut, {Alan J.} and Lowe, {Luke N.} and Philip Mauskopf and Jeffrey McMahon and Mona Mirzaei and Harvey Moseley and Jonas Mugge-Durum and Omid Noroozian and Oxholm, {Trevor M.} and Tatsat Parekh and Pen, {Ue Li} and Pullen, {Anthony R.} and Maryam Rahmani and Ramirez, {Mathias M.} and Florian Roselli and Konrad Shire and Gage Siebert and Sinclair, {Adrian K.} and Somerville, {Rachel S.} and Ryan Stephenson and Stevenson, {Thomas R.} and Peter Timbie and Jared Termini and Justin Trenkamp and Carole Tucker and Elijah Visbal and Volpert, {Carolyn G.} and Wollack, {Edward J.} and Shengqi Yang and {Aaron Yung}, {L. Y.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).",

year = "2021",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "7",

journal = "Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping

T2 - Instrument design

AU - Switzer, Eric R.

AU - Barrentine, Emily M.

AU - Cataldo, Giuseppe

AU - Essinger-Hileman, Thomas

AU - Ade, Peter A.R.

AU - Anderson, Christopher J.

AU - Barlis, Alyssa

AU - Beeman, Jeffrey

AU - Bellis, Nicholas

AU - Bolatto, Alberto D.

AU - Breysse, Patrick C.

AU - Bulcha, Berhanu T.

AU - Chevres-Fernanadez, Lee Roger

AU - Cho, Chullhee

AU - Connors, Jake A.

AU - Ehsan, Negar

AU - Glenn, Jason

AU - Golec, Joseph

AU - Hays-Wehle, James P.

AU - Hess, Larry A.

AU - Jahromi, Amir E.

AU - Jenkins, Trevian

AU - Kimball, Mark O.

AU - Kogut, Alan J.

AU - Lowe, Luke N.

AU - Mauskopf, Philip

AU - McMahon, Jeffrey

AU - Mirzaei, Mona

AU - Moseley, Harvey

AU - Mugge-Durum, Jonas

AU - Noroozian, Omid

AU - Oxholm, Trevor M.

AU - Parekh, Tatsat

AU - Pen, Ue Li

AU - Pullen, Anthony R.

AU - Rahmani, Maryam

AU - Ramirez, Mathias M.

AU - Roselli, Florian

AU - Shire, Konrad

AU - Siebert, Gage

AU - Sinclair, Adrian K.

AU - Somerville, Rachel S.

AU - Stephenson, Ryan

AU - Stevenson, Thomas R.

AU - Timbie, Peter

AU - Termini, Jared

AU - Trenkamp, Justin

AU - Tucker, Carole

AU - Visbal, Elijah

AU - Volpert, Carolyn G.

AU - Wollack, Edward J.

AU - Yang, Shengqi

AU - Aaron Yung, L. Y.

PY - 2021/10/1

Y1 - 2021/10/1

N2 - The experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping (EXCLAIM) is a balloon-borne telescope designed to survey star formation in windows from the present to z = 3.5. During this time, the rate of star formation dropped dramatically, while dark matter continued to cluster. EXCLAIM maps the redshifted emission of singly ionized carbon lines and carbon monoxide using intensity mapping, which permits a blind and complete survey of emitting gas through statistics of cumulative brightness fluctuations. EXCLAIM achieves high sensitivity using a cryogenic telescope coupled to six integrated spectrometers employing kinetic inductance detectors covering 420 to 540 GHz with spectral resolving power R = 512 and angular resolution ≈4 arc min. The spectral resolving power and cryogenic telescope allow the survey to access dark windows in the spectrum of emission from the upper atmosphere. EXCLAIM will survey 305 deg2 in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 field from a conventional balloon flight in 2023. EXCLAIM will also map several galactic fields to study carbon monoxide and neutral carbon emission as tracers of molecular gas. We summarize the design phase of the mission.

AB - The experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping (EXCLAIM) is a balloon-borne telescope designed to survey star formation in windows from the present to z = 3.5. During this time, the rate of star formation dropped dramatically, while dark matter continued to cluster. EXCLAIM maps the redshifted emission of singly ionized carbon lines and carbon monoxide using intensity mapping, which permits a blind and complete survey of emitting gas through statistics of cumulative brightness fluctuations. EXCLAIM achieves high sensitivity using a cryogenic telescope coupled to six integrated spectrometers employing kinetic inductance detectors covering 420 to 540 GHz with spectral resolving power R = 512 and angular resolution ≈4 arc min. The spectral resolving power and cryogenic telescope allow the survey to access dark windows in the spectrum of emission from the upper atmosphere. EXCLAIM will survey 305 deg2 in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82 field from a conventional balloon flight in 2023. EXCLAIM will also map several galactic fields to study carbon monoxide and neutral carbon emission as tracers of molecular gas. We summarize the design phase of the mission.

KW - Galaxy formation

KW - Integrated spectrometers

KW - Lowerature detectors

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U2 - 10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004

DO - 10.1117/1.JATIS.7.4.044004

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85122630569

SN - 2329-4124

VL - 7

JO - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems

JF - Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems

IS - 4

M1 - 044004

ER -

Experiment for cryogenic large-aperture intensity mapping: Instrument design

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Keywords

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