TY - JOUR
T1 - Estimating the sex buying behavior of adult males in the United States
T2 - List experiment and direct question estimates
AU - Roe-Sepowitz, Dominique
AU - Bontrager, Stephanie
AU - Pickett, Justin T.
AU - Kosloski, Anna E.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was made possible by the generous support of Demand Abolition in partnership with the MacArthur Foundation.
Funding Information:
The GfK Group (and KnowledgePanel) is a market leader for probability-based online surveys ( Weinberg, Freese, & McElhattan, 2014 ). Allcott (2011) opines that GfK has developed a superior survey platform that is publicly available to social scientist. The KnowledgePanel has regularly been used by both the Time-Sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences, an ongoing interdisciplinary program funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the American National Election Studies to field general population surveys ( Mutz, 2011 ). Chang and Krosnick (2009, p. 641) demonstrated that probability-based Internet surveys fielded with the KnowledgePanel manifested “the optimal combination of sample composition accuracy and self-report accuracy.” They found that KnowledgePanel surveys yielded higher quality data than random telephone questionnaires, containing lower levels of random measurement error, satisficing, and social desirability bias.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/7/1
Y1 - 2019/7/1
N2 - Purpose: Estimating the size of the sex buyer market in the United States has been stymied by methodological and sampling challenges. Given known methodological issues in self-reporting and the sensitive nature of purchasing sex, current research faces challenges in providing estimates of demand for purchasing sex. This study used a unique approach to estimate the prevalence of sex buying by men over the age of 18 in the United States. Methods: This study employed a double list experiment and a direct ask question to a nationally representative sample of 2525 adult males to estimate the size of the sex buyer market in the United States. Results: The double list experiment found the prevalence of sex purchasing is roughly 1 of every 50 adult males in the U.S. (2%)over the 3 years. The direct ask questions found that roughly 1 of every 25 males in the U.S. (4%)had purchased sex in the past 3 years. How they purchased and who they purchased sex from was also explored. A total of 80 respondents reported buying sex during the past 3 years. They spent an average of $120 for their most recent sex-buying encounter. Most sex buyers reported buying sex from an offline venue (street, bar, or massage parlor)and 81% purchased sex from a female. Applying the estimate of sex buying behavior to the general male population in the U.S. results in approximately 4 million men over the age of 18 purchasing sex the past 3 years. Conclusions: The findings from both the double list experiment and the direct ask question indicate that buying sex is a relatively rare phenomenon among adult males, however, when accounting for multiple purchases and extrapolating to the entire population the estimated purchases is in the millions. Applying the double list experiment and a direct ask question to a nationally representative sample provides a new way to capture estimates while addressing some of the limitations of previous methods. Such findings have implications for both the criminal justice and public health sectors.
AB - Purpose: Estimating the size of the sex buyer market in the United States has been stymied by methodological and sampling challenges. Given known methodological issues in self-reporting and the sensitive nature of purchasing sex, current research faces challenges in providing estimates of demand for purchasing sex. This study used a unique approach to estimate the prevalence of sex buying by men over the age of 18 in the United States. Methods: This study employed a double list experiment and a direct ask question to a nationally representative sample of 2525 adult males to estimate the size of the sex buyer market in the United States. Results: The double list experiment found the prevalence of sex purchasing is roughly 1 of every 50 adult males in the U.S. (2%)over the 3 years. The direct ask questions found that roughly 1 of every 25 males in the U.S. (4%)had purchased sex in the past 3 years. How they purchased and who they purchased sex from was also explored. A total of 80 respondents reported buying sex during the past 3 years. They spent an average of $120 for their most recent sex-buying encounter. Most sex buyers reported buying sex from an offline venue (street, bar, or massage parlor)and 81% purchased sex from a female. Applying the estimate of sex buying behavior to the general male population in the U.S. results in approximately 4 million men over the age of 18 purchasing sex the past 3 years. Conclusions: The findings from both the double list experiment and the direct ask question indicate that buying sex is a relatively rare phenomenon among adult males, however, when accounting for multiple purchases and extrapolating to the entire population the estimated purchases is in the millions. Applying the double list experiment and a direct ask question to a nationally representative sample provides a new way to capture estimates while addressing some of the limitations of previous methods. Such findings have implications for both the criminal justice and public health sectors.
KW - Commercial sex
KW - Prevalence
KW - Prostitution
KW - Sex buyers
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2019.04.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2019.04.005
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85065861043
SN - 0047-2352
VL - 63
SP - 41
EP - 48
JO - Journal of Criminal Justice
JF - Journal of Criminal Justice
ER -