Emergence of small defect contrast within HREM images of nonstoichiometric rutile

L. A. Bursill; Shen Guang Jun; David J. Smith; M. G. Blanchin

doi:10.1016/0304-3991(84)90198-0

Emergence of small defect contrast within HREM images of nonstoichiometric rutile

L. A. Bursill, Shen Guang Jun, David J. Smith, M. G. Blanchin

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Calculations of HREM images have been used to define the conditions for which interpretable information may be obtained concerning the nature of small defects (traditionally called "point defects") and their aggregation to form extended defects in nonstoichiometric rutile. At specific crystal thickness and lens defocus conditions as few as three small defects (aligned along the projection axis) become visible in lattice images. The emergence of stronger contrast, as extended defects develop, should allow the interstitial or vacancy nature of the defects to be distinguished. Experimental HREM images are also presented which show a variety of "small defect contrasts" for [001], [010] and [111] projections of nonstoichiometric rutiles (TiO_2-x; 0.006 ≦ x ≦ 0.02). None of these allow interstitial versus vacancy defects to be distinguished directly, although some show evidence for aggregates of less than 10 small defects.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	191-204
Number of pages	14
Journal	Ultramicroscopy
Volume	13
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3991(84)90198-0
State	Published - 1984
Externally published	Yes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Instrumentation

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title = "Emergence of small defect contrast within HREM images of nonstoichiometric rutile",

abstract = "Calculations of HREM images have been used to define the conditions for which interpretable information may be obtained concerning the nature of small defects (traditionally called {"}point defects{"}) and their aggregation to form extended defects in nonstoichiometric rutile. At specific crystal thickness and lens defocus conditions as few as three small defects (aligned along the projection axis) become visible in lattice images. The emergence of stronger contrast, as extended defects develop, should allow the interstitial or vacancy nature of the defects to be distinguished. Experimental HREM images are also presented which show a variety of {"}small defect contrasts{"} for [001], [010] and [111] projections of nonstoichiometric rutiles (TiO2-x; 0.006 ≦ x ≦ 0.02). None of these allow interstitial versus vacancy defects to be distinguished directly, although some show evidence for aggregates of less than 10 small defects.",

author = "Bursill, {L. A.} and {Guang Jun}, Shen and Smith, {David J.} and Blanchin, {M. G.}",

note = "Funding Information: L.A.B. is grateful to the Universities of Lyon and Melbourne for support of a visit to France during 1982. Shen Guang Jun acknowledges the support of the Education Department of China. Figures 10 and 12 were obtained with the Cambridge University 600 kV instrument, supported by SERC (UK). Figures 11 and 14 were obtained with the JEOL-200 CXa t CENG (Grenoble), and we thank Dr. A. Bourret for his excellent cooperation. Figure 13 was obtained (during 1980) with the JEOL-200 CXi n Oxford. M.G.B. and L.A.B. thank Professor G. Fontaine (Lyon) for his support. The work in Melbourne was supported by the Australian Research Grants Committee.",

year = "1984",

doi = "10.1016/0304-3991(84)90198-0",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "13",

pages = "191--204",

journal = "Ultramicroscopy",

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publisher = "Elsevier",

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AU - Bursill, L. A.

AU - Guang Jun, Shen

AU - Smith, David J.

AU - Blanchin, M. G.

N1 - Funding Information: L.A.B. is grateful to the Universities of Lyon and Melbourne for support of a visit to France during 1982. Shen Guang Jun acknowledges the support of the Education Department of China. Figures 10 and 12 were obtained with the Cambridge University 600 kV instrument, supported by SERC (UK). Figures 11 and 14 were obtained with the JEOL-200 CXa t CENG (Grenoble), and we thank Dr. A. Bourret for his excellent cooperation. Figure 13 was obtained (during 1980) with the JEOL-200 CXi n Oxford. M.G.B. and L.A.B. thank Professor G. Fontaine (Lyon) for his support. The work in Melbourne was supported by the Australian Research Grants Committee.

PY - 1984

Y1 - 1984

N2 - Calculations of HREM images have been used to define the conditions for which interpretable information may be obtained concerning the nature of small defects (traditionally called "point defects") and their aggregation to form extended defects in nonstoichiometric rutile. At specific crystal thickness and lens defocus conditions as few as three small defects (aligned along the projection axis) become visible in lattice images. The emergence of stronger contrast, as extended defects develop, should allow the interstitial or vacancy nature of the defects to be distinguished. Experimental HREM images are also presented which show a variety of "small defect contrasts" for [001], [010] and [111] projections of nonstoichiometric rutiles (TiO2-x; 0.006 ≦ x ≦ 0.02). None of these allow interstitial versus vacancy defects to be distinguished directly, although some show evidence for aggregates of less than 10 small defects.

AB - Calculations of HREM images have been used to define the conditions for which interpretable information may be obtained concerning the nature of small defects (traditionally called "point defects") and their aggregation to form extended defects in nonstoichiometric rutile. At specific crystal thickness and lens defocus conditions as few as three small defects (aligned along the projection axis) become visible in lattice images. The emergence of stronger contrast, as extended defects develop, should allow the interstitial or vacancy nature of the defects to be distinguished. Experimental HREM images are also presented which show a variety of "small defect contrasts" for [001], [010] and [111] projections of nonstoichiometric rutiles (TiO2-x; 0.006 ≦ x ≦ 0.02). None of these allow interstitial versus vacancy defects to be distinguished directly, although some show evidence for aggregates of less than 10 small defects.

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Emergence of small defect contrast within HREM images of nonstoichiometric rutile

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