@inproceedings{535045bd47e94996a6065fad78186eea,
title = "Electrical and compositional characterization of gallium grading in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells",
abstract = "Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells were characterized in cross section using electron beam induced current (EBIC) and synchrotron based x-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements. Samples with varying gallium ratios and growth methods were compared. A correlation was observed between the compositional gallium grading profile from XRF and carrier activity seen in EBIC through the thickness of the CIGS layer. Samples with steep back grading showed carrier activity isolated near the CIGS/CdS interface, whereas a more uniform grading resulted in carrier activity seen throughout the absorber layer. 'Notch' grading showed only slight variation in EBIC profile compared to a back graded sample with similar gallium ratios.",
keywords = "CIGS, EBIC, band gap grading, chalcopyrite, synchrotron, thin film, x-ray fluorescence",
author = "Bradley West and Harvey Guthrey and Lei Chen and April Jeffries and Simone Bernardini and Barry Lai and J{\"o}rg Maser and William Shafarman and Mowafak Al-Jasim and Mariana Bertoni",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.; 40th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2014 ; Conference date: 08-06-2014 Through 13-06-2014",
year = "2014",
month = oct,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1109/PVSC.2014.6925254",
language = "English (US)",
series = "2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2014",
publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",
pages = "1726--1728",
booktitle = "2014 IEEE 40th Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2014",
}