TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of temperature gradient on industrial gasifier coal slag infiltration into alumina refractory
AU - Kaneko, Tetsuya Kenneth
AU - Bennett, James P.
AU - Sridhar, Seetharaman
N1 - Funding Information:
of the USGS Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; C. L. Pierce and M. A. Pegg of the USGS Iowa Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; C. R. Berry and B. A. Young of the USGS South Dakota Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota; D. L. Scarnecchia and T. L. Welker of the USGS Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho; M. P. Ruggles of the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, Fort Peck, Montana; and R. G. White and L. C. Bergs-tedt of the USGS Montana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Montana State University, Boseman, Montana. Funding for this research was provided primarily by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE), Missouri River Division, Omaha and Kansas City Districts, with financial support also from the Environmental Protection Agency Regions 7 and 8, National Park Service, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, USGS, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks, Missouri Department of Conservation, and the North Dakota Game and Fish Department. A. J. Delonay and R. B. Jacob-son of the CERC, J. M. Nestler of the USACOE Development Center in Vicksburg, Mississippi, S. Gutreuter of the USGS Upper Midwest Science Center, and two anonymous reviewers improved the quality of this manuscript through their in-
PY - 2011/12
Y1 - 2011/12
N2 - Infiltration characteristics of industrial coal slag into alumina (Al 2O3) refractory material with a temperature gradient induced along the slag's penetration direction are compared to those obtained under near-isothermal conditions. Experiments were conducted with a hot-face temperature of 1450°C and a CO/CO2 ratio of 1.8, which corresponds to an oxygen partial pressure of ∼10-8 atm. The refractory under the near-isothermal temperature profile, with higher average temperatures, demonstrated a greater penetration depth than its counterpart that was under the steeper temperature gradient. Slag that did not infiltrate into the refractory due to the induced temperature gradient, pooled and solidified on the top of the sample. Within the pool, a conglomerated mass of troilite (FeS) formed separately from the surrounding slag. Microscopy of the cross-sectioned infiltrated refractories revealed that the slag preferentially corroded the matrix regions closer to the top surface. Furthermore, the formation of a thick layer of hercynite (FeAl2O4) at the top of refractory/slag interface significantly depleted the slag of its iron-oxide content with respect to its virgin composition. A qualitative description of the penetration process is provided in this article.
AB - Infiltration characteristics of industrial coal slag into alumina (Al 2O3) refractory material with a temperature gradient induced along the slag's penetration direction are compared to those obtained under near-isothermal conditions. Experiments were conducted with a hot-face temperature of 1450°C and a CO/CO2 ratio of 1.8, which corresponds to an oxygen partial pressure of ∼10-8 atm. The refractory under the near-isothermal temperature profile, with higher average temperatures, demonstrated a greater penetration depth than its counterpart that was under the steeper temperature gradient. Slag that did not infiltrate into the refractory due to the induced temperature gradient, pooled and solidified on the top of the sample. Within the pool, a conglomerated mass of troilite (FeS) formed separately from the surrounding slag. Microscopy of the cross-sectioned infiltrated refractories revealed that the slag preferentially corroded the matrix regions closer to the top surface. Furthermore, the formation of a thick layer of hercynite (FeAl2O4) at the top of refractory/slag interface significantly depleted the slag of its iron-oxide content with respect to its virgin composition. A qualitative description of the penetration process is provided in this article.
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U2 - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04782.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04782.x
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:82955246771
SN - 0002-7820
VL - 94
SP - 4507
EP - 4515
JO - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
JF - Journal of the American Ceramic Society
IS - 12
ER -