Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters

Brian R. Kupchak; Amy L. McKenzie; Hui Ying Luk; Cathy Saenz; Laura J. Kunces; Lindsay A. Ellis; Jakob L. Vingren; Elaine C. Lee; Kevin D. Ballard; Evan C. Johnson; Stavros A. Kavouras; Matthew S. Ganio; Jonathon E. Wingo; Keith H. Williamson; Lawrence E. Armstrong

doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y

Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters

Brian R. Kupchak, Amy L. McKenzie, Hui Ying Luk, Cathy Saenz, Laura J. Kunces, Lindsay A. Ellis, Jakob L. Vingren, Elaine C. Lee, Kevin D. Ballard, Evan C. Johnson, Stavros A. Kavouras, Matthew S. Ganio, Jonathon E. Wingo, Keith H. Williamson, Lawrence E. Armstrong

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Results: Compared to PRE, increases (p < 0.001) were observed at IP for platelets (39 %), vWF:Ag (65 %), PTF 1 + 2 (47 %), TAT (81 %), tPA Ag (231 %), PAI-1 Ag (148 %), and D-Dimer (54 %). PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations were directly related to BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.05). D-Dimer concentrations at IP correlated positively with age (p < 0.05).

Purpose: We assessed the impact of completing the Hotter’n Hell Hundred (HHH), an annual 164 km road cycling event performed in a hot environment, on hemostatic balance in men.

Methods: Sixteen men who completed the ride in <6 h were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected on that morning of the ride (PRE) and immediately on the completion of the ride (IP). Primary hemostasis was assessed by platelet count and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag). Coagulation was assessed by measuring prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (PTF 1 + 2) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), whereas fibrinolysis was assessed by plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen (PAI-1 Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA Ag), and D-Dimer analyses.

Conclusions: Completing the HHH activated the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in balance. Age was positively correlated with IP D-Dimer concentrations. Additionally, participants displaying a larger BMI and waist circumference exhibited a positive correlation with PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1295-1303
Number of pages	9
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology
Volume	115
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y
State	Published - Jun 1 2015
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Coagulation
Cycling
Fibrinolysis
Heat stress

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Physiology (medical)

Access to Document

10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y

Cite this

Kupchak, B. R., McKenzie, A. L., Luk, H. Y., Saenz, C., Kunces, L. J., Ellis, L. A., Vingren, J. L., Lee, E. C., Ballard, K. D., Johnson, E. C., Kavouras, S. A., Ganio, M. S., Wingo, J. E., Williamson, K. H., & Armstrong, L. E. (2015). Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 115(6), 1295-1303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y

Kupchak, BR, McKenzie, AL, Luk, HY, Saenz, C, Kunces, LJ, Ellis, LA, Vingren, JL, Lee, EC, Ballard, KD, Johnson, EC, Kavouras, SA, Ganio, MS, Wingo, JE, Williamson, KH & Armstrong, LE 2015, 'Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters', European Journal of Applied Physiology, vol. 115, no. 6, pp. 1295-1303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y

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title = "Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters",

abstract = "Results: Compared to PRE, increases (p < 0.001) were observed at IP for platelets (39 %), vWF:Ag (65 %), PTF 1 + 2 (47 %), TAT (81 %), tPA Ag (231 %), PAI-1 Ag (148 %), and D-Dimer (54 %). PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations were directly related to BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.05). D-Dimer concentrations at IP correlated positively with age (p < 0.05).Purpose: We assessed the impact of completing the Hotter{\textquoteright}n Hell Hundred (HHH), an annual 164 km road cycling event performed in a hot environment, on hemostatic balance in men.Methods: Sixteen men who completed the ride in <6 h were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected on that morning of the ride (PRE) and immediately on the completion of the ride (IP). Primary hemostasis was assessed by platelet count and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag). Coagulation was assessed by measuring prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (PTF 1 + 2) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), whereas fibrinolysis was assessed by plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen (PAI-1 Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA Ag), and D-Dimer analyses.Conclusions: Completing the HHH activated the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in balance. Age was positively correlated with IP D-Dimer concentrations. Additionally, participants displaying a larger BMI and waist circumference exhibited a positive correlation with PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations.",

keywords = "Coagulation, Cycling, Fibrinolysis, Heat stress",

author = "Kupchak, {Brian R.} and McKenzie, {Amy L.} and Luk, {Hui Ying} and Cathy Saenz and Kunces, {Laura J.} and Ellis, {Lindsay A.} and Vingren, {Jakob L.} and Lee, {Elaine C.} and Ballard, {Kevin D.} and Johnson, {Evan C.} and Kavouras, {Stavros A.} and Ganio, {Matthew S.} and Wingo, {Jonathon E.} and Williamson, {Keith H.} and Armstrong, {Lawrence E.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.",

year = "2015",

month = jun,

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doi = "10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y",

language = "English (US)",

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pages = "1295--1303",

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T1 - Effect of cycling in the heat for 164 km on procoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters

AU - Kupchak, Brian R.

AU - McKenzie, Amy L.

AU - Luk, Hui Ying

AU - Saenz, Cathy

AU - Kunces, Laura J.

AU - Ellis, Lindsay A.

AU - Vingren, Jakob L.

AU - Lee, Elaine C.

AU - Ballard, Kevin D.

AU - Johnson, Evan C.

AU - Kavouras, Stavros A.

AU - Ganio, Matthew S.

AU - Wingo, Jonathon E.

AU - Williamson, Keith H.

AU - Armstrong, Lawrence E.

PY - 2015/6/1

Y1 - 2015/6/1

N2 - Results: Compared to PRE, increases (p < 0.001) were observed at IP for platelets (39 %), vWF:Ag (65 %), PTF 1 + 2 (47 %), TAT (81 %), tPA Ag (231 %), PAI-1 Ag (148 %), and D-Dimer (54 %). PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations were directly related to BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.05). D-Dimer concentrations at IP correlated positively with age (p < 0.05).Purpose: We assessed the impact of completing the Hotter’n Hell Hundred (HHH), an annual 164 km road cycling event performed in a hot environment, on hemostatic balance in men.Methods: Sixteen men who completed the ride in <6 h were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected on that morning of the ride (PRE) and immediately on the completion of the ride (IP). Primary hemostasis was assessed by platelet count and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag). Coagulation was assessed by measuring prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (PTF 1 + 2) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), whereas fibrinolysis was assessed by plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen (PAI-1 Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA Ag), and D-Dimer analyses.Conclusions: Completing the HHH activated the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in balance. Age was positively correlated with IP D-Dimer concentrations. Additionally, participants displaying a larger BMI and waist circumference exhibited a positive correlation with PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations.

AB - Results: Compared to PRE, increases (p < 0.001) were observed at IP for platelets (39 %), vWF:Ag (65 %), PTF 1 + 2 (47 %), TAT (81 %), tPA Ag (231 %), PAI-1 Ag (148 %), and D-Dimer (54 %). PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations were directly related to BMI and waist circumference (p < 0.05). D-Dimer concentrations at IP correlated positively with age (p < 0.05).Purpose: We assessed the impact of completing the Hotter’n Hell Hundred (HHH), an annual 164 km road cycling event performed in a hot environment, on hemostatic balance in men.Methods: Sixteen men who completed the ride in <6 h were included in this study. Plasma samples were collected on that morning of the ride (PRE) and immediately on the completion of the ride (IP). Primary hemostasis was assessed by platelet count and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag). Coagulation was assessed by measuring prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (PTF 1 + 2) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), whereas fibrinolysis was assessed by plasminogen activator inhibitor antigen (PAI-1 Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA Ag), and D-Dimer analyses.Conclusions: Completing the HHH activated the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in balance. Age was positively correlated with IP D-Dimer concentrations. Additionally, participants displaying a larger BMI and waist circumference exhibited a positive correlation with PRE PAI-1 Ag concentrations.

KW - Coagulation

KW - Cycling

KW - Fibrinolysis

KW - Heat stress

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U2 - 10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y

DO - 10.1007/s00421-015-3107-y

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JO - European Journal of Applied Physiology

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