Earth System Modeling 2.0: A Blueprint for Models That Learn From Observations and Targeted High-Resolution Simulations

Tapio Schneider, Shiwei Lan, Andrew Stuart, João Teixeira

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

183 Scopus citations

Abstract

Climate projections continue to be marred by large uncertainties, which originate in processes that need to be parameterized, such as clouds, convection, and ecosystems. But rapid progress is now within reach. New computational tools and methods from data assimilation and machine learning make it possible to integrate global observations and local high-resolution simulations in an Earth system model (ESM) that systematically learns from both and quantifies uncertainties. Here we propose a blueprint for such an ESM. We outline how parameterization schemes can learn from global observations and targeted high-resolution simulations, for example, of clouds and convection, through matching low-order statistics between ESMs, observations, and high-resolution simulations. We illustrate learning algorithms for ESMs with a simple dynamical system that shares characteristics of the climate system; and we discuss the opportunities the proposed framework presents and the challenges that remain to realize it.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)12,396-12,417
JournalGeophysical Research Letters
Volume44
Issue number24
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 28 2017
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Earth system models
  • Kalman inversion
  • Markov chain Monte Carlo
  • data assimilation
  • machine learning
  • parameterizations

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Geophysics
  • General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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