TY - CHAP
T1 - Early impact history and dynamical origin of differentiated meteorites and asteroids
AU - Scott, Edward R.D.
AU - Keil, Klaus
AU - Goldstein, Joseph I.
AU - Asphaug, Erik
AU - Bottke, William F.
AU - Moskovitz, Nicholas A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 The Arizona Board of Regents. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Differentiated asteroids and igneous meteorites present numerous challenges to our understanding of the impact and dynamical evolution of asteroids and meteorite parent bodies. Igneous meteorites, including irons, achondrites, and stony-iron meteorites, testify to the prior existence of ~100 differentiated bodies. Destruction of these bodies by hypervelocity impact over 4 G.y. would have required numerous giant impacts, although this is inconsistent with the preservation of Vesta’s basaltic crust and the lack of differentiated asteroid families. We review recent advances in elucidating the early chronology of meteorites, spectroscopic observations of likely differentiated asteroids, petrological studies of differentiated meteorites, impact disruption of differentiated planetesimals during accretion, and dynamical scenarios for capturing material into the asteroid belt. Together, these advances suggest a new paradigm in which planetesimals accreted rapidly in the inner solar system and were melted by 26Al less than 2 m.y. after the formation of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs). While molten they were disrupted by grazing hit-and-run impacts during the accretion of planetesimals. Later, when still hot, the survivors were disrupted by hypervelocity impacts. Impact debris from the differentiated bodies was transferred from the newly formed terrestrial planet region to stable orbits in the asteroid belt. This evolutionary history leaves many questions unanswered but suggests new paths for future exploration of the asteroid belt and petrological and isotopic studies of meteorites.
AB - Differentiated asteroids and igneous meteorites present numerous challenges to our understanding of the impact and dynamical evolution of asteroids and meteorite parent bodies. Igneous meteorites, including irons, achondrites, and stony-iron meteorites, testify to the prior existence of ~100 differentiated bodies. Destruction of these bodies by hypervelocity impact over 4 G.y. would have required numerous giant impacts, although this is inconsistent with the preservation of Vesta’s basaltic crust and the lack of differentiated asteroid families. We review recent advances in elucidating the early chronology of meteorites, spectroscopic observations of likely differentiated asteroids, petrological studies of differentiated meteorites, impact disruption of differentiated planetesimals during accretion, and dynamical scenarios for capturing material into the asteroid belt. Together, these advances suggest a new paradigm in which planetesimals accreted rapidly in the inner solar system and were melted by 26Al less than 2 m.y. after the formation of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs). While molten they were disrupted by grazing hit-and-run impacts during the accretion of planetesimals. Later, when still hot, the survivors were disrupted by hypervelocity impacts. Impact debris from the differentiated bodies was transferred from the newly formed terrestrial planet region to stable orbits in the asteroid belt. This evolutionary history leaves many questions unanswered but suggests new paths for future exploration of the asteroid belt and petrological and isotopic studies of meteorites.
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M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85017730362
SN - 9780816532131
SP - 573
EP - 595
BT - Asteroids IV
PB - University of Arizona Press
ER -