@article{52399b8e98114b448733849dc8bbbf11,
title = "Diverse papillomaviruses identified in weddell seals",
abstract = "Papillomaviridae is a diverse family of circular, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that infect a broad range of mammalian, avian and fish hosts. While papillomaviruses have been characterized most extensively in humans, the study of non-human papillomaviruses has contributed greatly to our understanding of their pathogenicity and evolution. Using high-throughput sequencing approaches, we identified 7 novel papillomaviruses from vaginal swabs collected from 81 adult female Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) in the Ross Sea of Antarctica between 2014–2017. These seven papillomavirus genomes were amplified from seven individual seals, and six of the seven genomes represented novel species with distinct evolutionary lineages. This highlights the diversity of papillomaviruses among the relatively small number of Weddell seal samples tested. Viruses associated with large vertebrates are poorly studied in Antarctica, and this study adds information about papillomaviruses associated with Weddell seals and contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of papillomaviruses.",
keywords = "Antarctic, Carnivora, Leptonychotes weddellii, Papillomavirus",
author = "Smeele, {Zoe E.} and Burns, {Jennifer M.} and {Van Doorsaler}, Koenraad and Fontenele, {Rafaela S.} and Kara Waits and Daisy Stainton and Shero, {Michelle R.} and Beltran, {Roxanne S.} and Kirkham, {Amy L.} and Rachel Berngartt and Simona Kraberger and Arvind Varsani",
note = "Funding Information: J. M. B. received funding from National Science Foundation grant ANT-1246463. Z.E.S. is supported through startup funding awarded to A.V. from The Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, USA. A.K. and R.B. were supported by Institutional Development Awards (IDeA) Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence Assistantships (grant number P20GM103395) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views of the NIH. K.V.D. is supported by a State of Arizona Improving Health TRIF and by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch NC229. The molecular work described in this study is supported by a Center of Evolution and Medicine Venture Fund (Center of Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, USA) grant awarded to A.V. Funding Information: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily reflect the official views of the NIH. K.V.D. is supported by a State of Arizona Improving Health TRIF and by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch NC229. The molecular work described in this study is supported by a Center of Evolution and Medicine Venture Fund (Center of Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University, USA) grant awarded to A.V. Funding Information: All of the samples were collected with logistics supplied from the US Antarctic Program. Weddell seal samples were collected under National Marine Fisheries Service Marine Mammal permit #17411, Antarctic Conservation Act permit #2014–003, and University of Alaska Anchorage{\textquoteright}s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval #419971 and #854089. Logistical support for this project in Antarctica was provided by the US National Science Foundation through the US Antarctic Program. J.M.B. contributed to this work while serving at the National Science Foundation. Any opinion, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Funding Information: J. M. B. received funding from National Science Foundation grant ANT-1246463. Z.E.S. is supported through startup funding awarded to A.V. from The Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, USA. A.K. and R.B. were supported by Institutional Development Awards (IDeA) Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence Assistantships (grant number P20GM103395) from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Authors.",
year = "2018",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1099/jgv.0.001028",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "99",
pages = "549--557",
journal = "Journal of General Virology",
issn = "0022-1317",
publisher = "Society for General Microbiology",
number = "4",
}