TY - JOUR
T1 - Disentangling the complex effects of socioeconomic, climatic, and urban form factors on air pollution
T2 - A case study of China
AU - Liu, Yupeng
AU - Wu, Jianguo
AU - Yu, Deyong
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology through the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB954301, 2014CB954303) and the Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41621061). We thank the members of the Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS) at Beijing Normal University for their suggestions on this study. The National Earth System Science Data Sharing Infrastructure, National Science & Technology Infrastructure of China (http://www.geodata.cn) is also gratefully acknowledged for data supporting.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the authors.
PY - 2018/3/12
Y1 - 2018/3/12
N2 - China's tremendous economic growth during the past three decades has resulted in worsening air quality in most of its cities. However, the spatiotemporal patterns and underlying drivers of air pollution in China remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we used stepwise regression to identify major socioeconomic, climatic, and urban form factors influencing air pollution in 69 major cities across China. Our results showed that social factors such as population size and density were positively correlated with emissions of PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and SO2. Economic factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GDP of secondary industry were positively correlated with industry and transportation emissions but negatively correlated with residential emissions of air pollutants. Urban form attributes such as measures of urban fragmentation and contiguity were important in explaining patterns of emissions from residential, power generation, and transportation sectors. As for climatic factors, higher precipitation, higher wind speed, and higher temperatures were all negatively correlated with air pollution levels. We also found that the effects of socioeconomic, climatic, and urban from factors on air pollution levels varied considerably among seasons and between the annual and seasonal scales. Our findings have useful implications for urban planning and management for controlling air pollution in China and beyond.
AB - China's tremendous economic growth during the past three decades has resulted in worsening air quality in most of its cities. However, the spatiotemporal patterns and underlying drivers of air pollution in China remain poorly understood. To address this issue, we used stepwise regression to identify major socioeconomic, climatic, and urban form factors influencing air pollution in 69 major cities across China. Our results showed that social factors such as population size and density were positively correlated with emissions of PM2.5, PM10, NOx, and SO2. Economic factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GDP of secondary industry were positively correlated with industry and transportation emissions but negatively correlated with residential emissions of air pollutants. Urban form attributes such as measures of urban fragmentation and contiguity were important in explaining patterns of emissions from residential, power generation, and transportation sectors. As for climatic factors, higher precipitation, higher wind speed, and higher temperatures were all negatively correlated with air pollution levels. We also found that the effects of socioeconomic, climatic, and urban from factors on air pollution levels varied considerably among seasons and between the annual and seasonal scales. Our findings have useful implications for urban planning and management for controlling air pollution in China and beyond.
KW - Air pollution index
KW - Built-up area
KW - Fine particulate matter
KW - Urban morphology
KW - Urban sprawl
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U2 - 10.3390/su10030776
DO - 10.3390/su10030776
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85043511446
SN - 2071-1050
VL - 10
JO - Sustainability (Switzerland)
JF - Sustainability (Switzerland)
IS - 3
M1 - 776
ER -