TY - CHAP
T1 - Discovery and fitness for use
AU - Bishop, Wade
AU - Grubesic, Anthony
N1 - Funding Information:
The NBM was a joint effort between the FCC and the NTIA. It was motivated by the Broadband Data Improvement Act (BDIA) of 2008, which called for efforts to improve the quality of state and federal broadband data. In particular, the BDIA sought to improve available information concerning where broadband was offered, as well as measures concerning quality of service. In July 2009, the Broadband Technology Opportunities Program (BTOP), which was funded as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Kruger, 2009 ), released funds to begin the process of mapping broadband in the U.S. As detailed by Grubesic and Mack ( 2015), in an effort to maintain consistency and regularity in the data collection efforts, each state selected one entity for acquiring, cleaning, and tabulating broadband data from local providers and ultimately injecting these data into the NBM. For example, in the state of Oregon, the Oregon Public Utilities Commission (OPUC) was charged with collecting broadband data, but ultimately the OPUC selected a subcontractor to execute the mission.
Funding Information:
This theme’s list of available data will continue to expand. Many of the biocol-lections located in the United States that have been housed in natural history museums, herbaria, private collections, zoos, and so forth, are getting digitized and curated in formal repositories. In addition, non-FGDC members have plenty of high-quality GI for this theme. For example, the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Advancing Digitization of Biodiversity Collections (ADBC) addressed digitization through the iDigBio project ( https://www.idigbio.org/ ). iDigBio’s mission was to develop a national infrastructure of standards and best practices for digitizing biocollections and as of mid-2016 the iDigBio portal, contains 60,839,108 specimen records and 14,173,310 media records. Globally there is a near limitless number and variety of biota from deep-sea fish to tundra fungi to fossilized trilobites. The amount and diversity of biodiversity and ecosystems theme users also makes this a valuable, but complicated theme to navigate for discovery and fitness for use (Bishop & Hank, 2016). Biodiversity and ecosystems theme users include decision-makers and industry professionals related to agriculture, food security, public health, genomics, bioprospecting, ecotourism, mining, forestry, as well as the educators and students from elementary through graduate education. Each group has differing fitness for use considerations whether studying evolution, species poleward migrations, or teaching primary schoolers about biodiversity.
Publisher Copyright:
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - The purpose of this chapter is to provide readers with a succinct, but varied list of resources for obtaining geographic information (GI) for use, analyses, and geovisualization. We necessarily limit this list to authoritative outlets, such as those from federal, state, and local organizations, as well as private data vendors that are actively engaged in secondary data markets. To facilitate description, data types are subdivided into the 16 National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) themes identified by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC). Fitness for use, as a concept, is detailed and an example is provided using telecommunications data.
AB - The purpose of this chapter is to provide readers with a succinct, but varied list of resources for obtaining geographic information (GI) for use, analyses, and geovisualization. We necessarily limit this list to authoritative outlets, such as those from federal, state, and local organizations, as well as private data vendors that are actively engaged in secondary data markets. To facilitate description, data types are subdivided into the 16 National Geospatial Data Asset (NGDA) themes identified by the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC). Fitness for use, as a concept, is detailed and an example is provided using telecommunications data.
KW - Data discovery
KW - Federal communication commission
KW - Geographic information system
KW - Global position system
KW - United States geological survey
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U2 - 10.1007/978-3-319-22789-4_7
DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-22789-4_7
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85059080471
T3 - Springer Geography
SP - 125
EP - 146
BT - Springer Geography
PB - Springer
ER -