TY - JOUR
T1 - Differential roles of the tandem C1 domains of protein kinase C δ in the biphasic down-regulation induced by bryostatin 1
AU - Lorenzo, Patricia S.
AU - Bögi, Krisztina
AU - Hughes, Kathleen M.
AU - Beheshti, Maryam
AU - Bhattacharyya, Dipak
AU - Garfield, Susan H.
AU - Pettit, George
AU - Blumberg, Peter M.
PY - 1999/12/15
Y1 - 1999/12/15
N2 - Bryostatin 1 (Bryo), currently in clinical trials, has been shown to induce a biphasic concentration-response curve for down-regulating protein kinase C (PKC) δ, with protection of the enzyme from down-regulation at high Bryo doses. In our ongoing studies to identify the basis for this unique behavior of PKCδ, we examined the participation of the two ligand binding sites (Cla and C1b) in the regulatory domain of the enzyme. Three mutants of PKCδ prepared by introducing a point mutation in either C1a or C1b or both C1a and C1b were overexpressed in NIH 3T3 cells. All of the constructs retained a biphasic response to down-regulation assessed after 24-h treatment with Bryo. However, the roles of the individual C1 domains were different for the two phases of the response. For down-regulation, both the C1a and the C1b mutants displayed equivalent 3-4-fold reductions in their affinities for the ligand. For protection from down-regulation, a reduced protection was observed for the C1a mutant, which showed a broader biphasic curve compared with those for wild-type PKCδ and the C1b mutant. Like wild-type PKCδ, all of the mutants showed the same subcellular partitioning of the protected enzyme to the particulate fraction of the cells, arguing against changes in sensitivity to Bryo due to differences in localization. Likewise, relatively similar patterns of localization were observed using green fluorescent protein-PKCδ constructs. We conclude that the C1 domains of PKCδ do not have equivalent roles in inducing protection against Bryo-induced down- regulation. The C1a domain plays a critical role in conferring the degree of protection at high concentrations of Bryo. Elucidation of the differential effect of Bryo on PKCδ may suggest strategies for the design of novel ligands with Bryo-like activities.
AB - Bryostatin 1 (Bryo), currently in clinical trials, has been shown to induce a biphasic concentration-response curve for down-regulating protein kinase C (PKC) δ, with protection of the enzyme from down-regulation at high Bryo doses. In our ongoing studies to identify the basis for this unique behavior of PKCδ, we examined the participation of the two ligand binding sites (Cla and C1b) in the regulatory domain of the enzyme. Three mutants of PKCδ prepared by introducing a point mutation in either C1a or C1b or both C1a and C1b were overexpressed in NIH 3T3 cells. All of the constructs retained a biphasic response to down-regulation assessed after 24-h treatment with Bryo. However, the roles of the individual C1 domains were different for the two phases of the response. For down-regulation, both the C1a and the C1b mutants displayed equivalent 3-4-fold reductions in their affinities for the ligand. For protection from down-regulation, a reduced protection was observed for the C1a mutant, which showed a broader biphasic curve compared with those for wild-type PKCδ and the C1b mutant. Like wild-type PKCδ, all of the mutants showed the same subcellular partitioning of the protected enzyme to the particulate fraction of the cells, arguing against changes in sensitivity to Bryo due to differences in localization. Likewise, relatively similar patterns of localization were observed using green fluorescent protein-PKCδ constructs. We conclude that the C1 domains of PKCδ do not have equivalent roles in inducing protection against Bryo-induced down- regulation. The C1a domain plays a critical role in conferring the degree of protection at high concentrations of Bryo. Elucidation of the differential effect of Bryo on PKCδ may suggest strategies for the design of novel ligands with Bryo-like activities.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 10626804
AN - SCOPUS:0343819883
SN - 0008-5472
VL - 59
SP - 6137
EP - 6144
JO - Cancer Research
JF - Cancer Research
IS - 24
ER -