TY - JOUR
T1 - Combining urine color and void number to assess hydration in adults and children
AU - Adams, J. D.
AU - Arnaoutis, Giannis
AU - Johnson, Evan C.
AU - Jansen, Lisa T.
AU - Bougatsas, Dimitris
AU - Capitan-Jimenez, Catalina
AU - Mauromoustakos, Andy
AU - Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.
AU - Perrier, Erica T.
AU - Guelinckx, Isabelle
AU - Kavouras, Stavros A.
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding The studies were supported by research grants from Danone Research.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Background/objectives: To test the diagnostic ability of two combined practical markers for elevated urine osmolality (underhydration) in free-living adults and children. Subjects/methods: One hundred and one healthy adults (females n = 52, 40 ± 14 y, 1.70 ± 0.95 m, 76.7 ± 17.4 kg, 26.5 ± 5.5 kg/m2) and 210 children (females = 105, 1.49 ± 0.13 m, 43.4 ± 12.6 kg, 19.2 ± 3.2 kg m−2) collected urine for 24-h. Urine was analyzed for urine osmolality (UOsm), color (UC), while the number of voids (void) was also recorded. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for UC, void, and combination of UC and void, to determine markers’ diagnostic ability for detecting underhydration based on elevated UOsm (UOsm ≥ 800 mmol kg−1). Results: Linear regression analysis revealed that UC was significantly associated with UOsm in both adults (R2 = 0.38; P < 0.001) and children (R2 = 0.45; P < 0.001). Void was significantly associated with UOsm in both adults (R2 = 0.13; P < 0.001) and children (R2 = 0.15; P < 0.001). In adults, when UC > 3 and void <7 were combined, the overall diagnostic ability for underhydration was 97% with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 88%, respectively. In children, UC > 3 and void <5 had an overall diagnostic ability for underhydration of 89% with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 62%, respectively. Conclusions: Urine color alone and the combination of urine color with void number can a valid and simple field-measure to detect underhydration based on elevated urine osmolality.
AB - Background/objectives: To test the diagnostic ability of two combined practical markers for elevated urine osmolality (underhydration) in free-living adults and children. Subjects/methods: One hundred and one healthy adults (females n = 52, 40 ± 14 y, 1.70 ± 0.95 m, 76.7 ± 17.4 kg, 26.5 ± 5.5 kg/m2) and 210 children (females = 105, 1.49 ± 0.13 m, 43.4 ± 12.6 kg, 19.2 ± 3.2 kg m−2) collected urine for 24-h. Urine was analyzed for urine osmolality (UOsm), color (UC), while the number of voids (void) was also recorded. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed for UC, void, and combination of UC and void, to determine markers’ diagnostic ability for detecting underhydration based on elevated UOsm (UOsm ≥ 800 mmol kg−1). Results: Linear regression analysis revealed that UC was significantly associated with UOsm in both adults (R2 = 0.38; P < 0.001) and children (R2 = 0.45; P < 0.001). Void was significantly associated with UOsm in both adults (R2 = 0.13; P < 0.001) and children (R2 = 0.15; P < 0.001). In adults, when UC > 3 and void <7 were combined, the overall diagnostic ability for underhydration was 97% with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 88%, respectively. In children, UC > 3 and void <5 had an overall diagnostic ability for underhydration of 89% with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 62%, respectively. Conclusions: Urine color alone and the combination of urine color with void number can a valid and simple field-measure to detect underhydration based on elevated urine osmolality.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41430-020-00834-w
DO - 10.1038/s41430-020-00834-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 33462456
AN - SCOPUS:85100093894
SN - 0954-3007
VL - 75
SP - 1262
EP - 1266
JO - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
IS - 8
ER -