TY - JOUR
T1 - Combined Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Cancer Mortality in Men
AU - Lee, Chong
AU - Sui, Xuemei
AU - Hooker, Steven P.
AU - Hébert, James R.
AU - Blair, Steven N.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by National Institutes of Health grants AG06945 and HL62508 and an unrestricted research grant from the Coca-Cola Company . Dr. Hébert was supported by an Established Investigator Award in Cancer Prevention and Control from the Cancer Training Branch of the National Cancer Institute ( K05 CA136975 ).
PY - 2011/10
Y1 - 2011/10
N2 - Purpose: The impact of lifestyle factors on cancer mortality in the U.S. population has not been thoroughly explored. We examined the combined effects of cardiorespiratory fitness, never smoking, and normal waist girth on total cancer mortality in men. Methods: We followed a total of 24,731 men ages 20-82 years who participated in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. A low-risk profile was defined as never smoking, moderate or high fitness, and normal waist girth, and they were further categorized as having 0, 1, 2, or 3 combined low-risk factors. Results: Over an average of 14.5 years of follow-up, there were a total of 384 cancer deaths. After adjustment for age, examination year, and multiple risk factors, men who were physically fit, never smoked, and had a normal waist girth had a 62% lower risk of total cancer mortality (95% confidence interval [CI], 45%-73%) compared with men with no low-risk factors. Men with all 3 low-risk factors had a 12-year (95% CI, 8.6-14.6) longer life expectancy compared with men with no low-risk factors. Approximately 37% (95% CI, 17%-52%) of total cancer deaths might have been avoided if the men had maintained all 3 low-risk factors. Conclusions: Being physically fit, never smoking, and maintaining a normal waist girth is associated with lower risk of total cancer mortality in men.
AB - Purpose: The impact of lifestyle factors on cancer mortality in the U.S. population has not been thoroughly explored. We examined the combined effects of cardiorespiratory fitness, never smoking, and normal waist girth on total cancer mortality in men. Methods: We followed a total of 24,731 men ages 20-82 years who participated in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. A low-risk profile was defined as never smoking, moderate or high fitness, and normal waist girth, and they were further categorized as having 0, 1, 2, or 3 combined low-risk factors. Results: Over an average of 14.5 years of follow-up, there were a total of 384 cancer deaths. After adjustment for age, examination year, and multiple risk factors, men who were physically fit, never smoked, and had a normal waist girth had a 62% lower risk of total cancer mortality (95% confidence interval [CI], 45%-73%) compared with men with no low-risk factors. Men with all 3 low-risk factors had a 12-year (95% CI, 8.6-14.6) longer life expectancy compared with men with no low-risk factors. Approximately 37% (95% CI, 17%-52%) of total cancer deaths might have been avoided if the men had maintained all 3 low-risk factors. Conclusions: Being physically fit, never smoking, and maintaining a normal waist girth is associated with lower risk of total cancer mortality in men.
KW - Cancer Mortality
KW - Cardiorespiratory Fitness
KW - Smoking
KW - Waist Girth
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U2 - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.04.010
DO - 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.04.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 21683616
AN - SCOPUS:80052266431
SN - 1047-2797
VL - 21
SP - 749
EP - 754
JO - Annals of Epidemiology
JF - Annals of Epidemiology
IS - 10
ER -