Abstract
The current study examined predictors of individual differences in the magnitude of practice-related improvements achieved by 87 older adults (mean age 63.52 years) over 18 weeks of cognitive practice. Cognitive inconsistency, as measured in both baseline trial-to-trial reaction times and week-to-week accuracy scores, was included as a predictor of practice-related gains in two measures of processing speed. Conditional growth models revealed that both reaction time and accuracy level, as well as rate-of-change in functioning, were related to inconsistency, even after controlling for mean-level, but that increased inconsistency was negatively associated with accuracy versus positively associated with reaction time improvement. Cognitive inconsistency may signal dysregulation in the ability to control cognitive performance or may be indicative of adaptive attempts at functioning.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 173-184 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | GeroPsych: The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry |
| Volume | 26 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Sep 1 2013 |
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Keywords
- cognitive inconsistency
- growth curves
- intraindividual variability
- older adults
- practice learning
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Gerontology
- Geriatrics and Gerontology
Cite this
Cognitive inconsistency and practice-related learning in older adults. / Dzierzewski, Joseph M.; Marsiske, Michael; Aiken Morgan, Adrienne T.; Buman, Matthew; Giacobbi, Peter R.; Roberts, Beverly L.; McCrae, Christina S.
In: GeroPsych: The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry, Vol. 26, No. 3, 01.09.2013, p. 173-184.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Cognitive inconsistency and practice-related learning in older adults
AU - Dzierzewski, Joseph M.
AU - Marsiske, Michael
AU - Aiken Morgan, Adrienne T.
AU - Buman, Matthew
AU - Giacobbi, Peter R.
AU - Roberts, Beverly L.
AU - McCrae, Christina S.
PY - 2013/9/1
Y1 - 2013/9/1
N2 - The current study examined predictors of individual differences in the magnitude of practice-related improvements achieved by 87 older adults (mean age 63.52 years) over 18 weeks of cognitive practice. Cognitive inconsistency, as measured in both baseline trial-to-trial reaction times and week-to-week accuracy scores, was included as a predictor of practice-related gains in two measures of processing speed. Conditional growth models revealed that both reaction time and accuracy level, as well as rate-of-change in functioning, were related to inconsistency, even after controlling for mean-level, but that increased inconsistency was negatively associated with accuracy versus positively associated with reaction time improvement. Cognitive inconsistency may signal dysregulation in the ability to control cognitive performance or may be indicative of adaptive attempts at functioning.
AB - The current study examined predictors of individual differences in the magnitude of practice-related improvements achieved by 87 older adults (mean age 63.52 years) over 18 weeks of cognitive practice. Cognitive inconsistency, as measured in both baseline trial-to-trial reaction times and week-to-week accuracy scores, was included as a predictor of practice-related gains in two measures of processing speed. Conditional growth models revealed that both reaction time and accuracy level, as well as rate-of-change in functioning, were related to inconsistency, even after controlling for mean-level, but that increased inconsistency was negatively associated with accuracy versus positively associated with reaction time improvement. Cognitive inconsistency may signal dysregulation in the ability to control cognitive performance or may be indicative of adaptive attempts at functioning.
KW - cognitive inconsistency
KW - growth curves
KW - intraindividual variability
KW - older adults
KW - practice learning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84883239722&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84883239722&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1024/1662-9647/a000096
DO - 10.1024/1662-9647/a000096
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84883239722
VL - 26
SP - 173
EP - 184
JO - GeroPsych: The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry
JF - GeroPsych: The Journal of Gerontopsychology and Geriatric Psychiatry
SN - 1662-9647
IS - 3
ER -