TY - JOUR
T1 - Autonomous screening of groundwater remediation technologies in the subsurface using the In Situ Microcosm Array (ISMA)
AU - Kalinowski, Tomasz
AU - McClellan, Kristin
AU - Bruton, Thomas A.
AU - Krajmalnik-Brown, Rosa
AU - Driver, Erin M.
AU - Halden, Rolf
N1 - Funding Information:
This project was supported by NIEHS project R01ES015445 and DOD project ER200914. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent official views of the U.S. federal government. We thank D. Gillespie for contributing to the design; M. Pound/L. Hollingsworth, and R. Blomberg/B. Anderer for access to Site 1 and 2, respectively. Issued and pending patents relating to the ISMA technology are owned by Arizona State University, listing R.U.H. as an inventor.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/4/5
Y1 - 2019/4/5
N2 - The groundwater remediation industry continues to progress towards less expensive, more sustainable in situ remedies. However, in situ treatment requires site-specific performance data that can be difficult or impossible to obtain using conventional laboratory microcosm studies. To improve the representativeness of laboratory scale treatability studies, and aid in remedial technology implementation, we developed the In Situ Microcosm Array (ISMA). This autonomous diagnostic device enables the deployment of 10 flow-through sediment columns within a standard 10-cm groundwater-monitoring well. Suspended at the desired aquifer depth, the fully encapsulated ISMA meters groundwater directly from the aquifer to microcosms containing competing remedial technologies. Field demonstrations of the instrument were performed in two aquifers contaminated, respectively, with trichloroethylene and hexavalent chromium, and with perchlorate. A cost assessment positions ISMA deployment costs within the range of conventional laboratory treatability studies. Results demonstrate the ISMA's utility to perform cost-effective, high-throughput, screenings of multiple intervention strategies in the field, without impacting the subsurface environment examined.
AB - The groundwater remediation industry continues to progress towards less expensive, more sustainable in situ remedies. However, in situ treatment requires site-specific performance data that can be difficult or impossible to obtain using conventional laboratory microcosm studies. To improve the representativeness of laboratory scale treatability studies, and aid in remedial technology implementation, we developed the In Situ Microcosm Array (ISMA). This autonomous diagnostic device enables the deployment of 10 flow-through sediment columns within a standard 10-cm groundwater-monitoring well. Suspended at the desired aquifer depth, the fully encapsulated ISMA meters groundwater directly from the aquifer to microcosms containing competing remedial technologies. Field demonstrations of the instrument were performed in two aquifers contaminated, respectively, with trichloroethylene and hexavalent chromium, and with perchlorate. A cost assessment positions ISMA deployment costs within the range of conventional laboratory treatability studies. Results demonstrate the ISMA's utility to perform cost-effective, high-throughput, screenings of multiple intervention strategies in the field, without impacting the subsurface environment examined.
KW - Field-scale technology
KW - Flow-through sediment columns
KW - Groundwater remediation
KW - Microcosms
KW - Treatability study
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.054
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.054
M3 - Article
C2 - 30654284
AN - SCOPUS:85059842656
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 367
SP - 668
EP - 675
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
ER -