TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations of alternative cannabis product use and poly-use with subsequent illicit drug use initiation during adolescence
AU - Braymiller, Jessica L.
AU - Riehm, Kira E.
AU - Meier, Madeline
AU - Krueger, Evan A.
AU - Unger, Jennifer B.
AU - Barrington-Trimis, Jessica L.
AU - Cho, Junhan
AU - Lanza, H. Isabella
AU - Madden, Danielle R.
AU - Kechter, Afton
AU - Leventhal, Adam M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Open access funding provided by SCELC, Statewide California Electronic Library Consortium Research reported in this publication was supported by grant number R01CA229617, K24DA048160, from the National Cancer Institute and K01DA042950-01 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse at NIH. Ms. Riehm was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health Mental Health Services and Systems Training Program (5T32MH109436-03) and by a Doctoral Foreign Study Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Rationale: Specific cannabis products may differentially increase risk of initiating non-cannabis illicit drug use during adolescence. Objective: To determine whether ever- and poly-use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, or blunt cannabis products are associated with subsequent initiation of non-cannabis illicit drug use. Methods: High school students from Los Angeles completed in-classroom surveys. The analytic sample (N = 2163; 53.9% female; 43.5% Hispanic/Latino; baseline M age = 17.1 years) included students who reported never using illicit drugs at baseline (spring, 11th grade) and provided data at follow-up (fall and spring, 12th grade). Logistic regression models assessed associations between use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, and blunt cannabis at baseline (yes/no for each product) and any non-cannabis illicit drug use initiation—including cocaine, methamphetamine, psychedelics, ecstasy, heroin, prescription opioids, or benzodiazepines—at follow-up. Results: Among those who never used non-cannabis illicit drugs at baseline, ever cannabis use varied by cannabis product (smoked = 25.8%, edible = 17.5%, vaporized = 8.4%, concentrates = 3.9%, and blunts = 18.2%) and patterns of use (single product use = 8.2% and poly-product use = 21.8%). After adjustment for baseline covariates, odds of illicit drug use at follow-up were largest for baseline ever users of concentrates (aOR [95% CI] = 5.74[3.16–10.43]), followed by vaporized (aOR [95% CI] = 3.11 [2.41–4.01]), edibles (aOR [95% CI] = 3.43 [2.32–5.08]), blunts (aOR [95% CI] = 2.66[1.60–4.41]), and smoked (aOR [95% CI] = 2.57 [1.64–4.02]) cannabis. Ever use of a single product (aOR [95% CI] = 2.34 [1.26–4.34]) or 2 + products (aOR [95% CI] = 3.82 [2.73–5.35]) were also associated with greater odds of illicit drug initiation. Conclusions: For each of five different cannabis products, cannabis use was associated with greater odds of subsequent illicit drug use initiation, especially for cannabis concentrate and poly-product use.
AB - Rationale: Specific cannabis products may differentially increase risk of initiating non-cannabis illicit drug use during adolescence. Objective: To determine whether ever- and poly-use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, or blunt cannabis products are associated with subsequent initiation of non-cannabis illicit drug use. Methods: High school students from Los Angeles completed in-classroom surveys. The analytic sample (N = 2163; 53.9% female; 43.5% Hispanic/Latino; baseline M age = 17.1 years) included students who reported never using illicit drugs at baseline (spring, 11th grade) and provided data at follow-up (fall and spring, 12th grade). Logistic regression models assessed associations between use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, and blunt cannabis at baseline (yes/no for each product) and any non-cannabis illicit drug use initiation—including cocaine, methamphetamine, psychedelics, ecstasy, heroin, prescription opioids, or benzodiazepines—at follow-up. Results: Among those who never used non-cannabis illicit drugs at baseline, ever cannabis use varied by cannabis product (smoked = 25.8%, edible = 17.5%, vaporized = 8.4%, concentrates = 3.9%, and blunts = 18.2%) and patterns of use (single product use = 8.2% and poly-product use = 21.8%). After adjustment for baseline covariates, odds of illicit drug use at follow-up were largest for baseline ever users of concentrates (aOR [95% CI] = 5.74[3.16–10.43]), followed by vaporized (aOR [95% CI] = 3.11 [2.41–4.01]), edibles (aOR [95% CI] = 3.43 [2.32–5.08]), blunts (aOR [95% CI] = 2.66[1.60–4.41]), and smoked (aOR [95% CI] = 2.57 [1.64–4.02]) cannabis. Ever use of a single product (aOR [95% CI] = 2.34 [1.26–4.34]) or 2 + products (aOR [95% CI] = 3.82 [2.73–5.35]) were also associated with greater odds of illicit drug initiation. Conclusions: For each of five different cannabis products, cannabis use was associated with greater odds of subsequent illicit drug use initiation, especially for cannabis concentrate and poly-product use.
KW - Adolescents
KW - Cannabis
KW - Edible
KW - Poly-substance use
KW - Vaping
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U2 - 10.1007/s00213-023-06330-w
DO - 10.1007/s00213-023-06330-w
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85149147025
SN - 0033-3158
JO - Psychopharmacology
JF - Psychopharmacology
ER -