A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003

Jens Hjorth; Jesper Sollerman; Palle Møller; Johan P.U. Fynbo; Stan E. Woosley; Chryssa Kouveliotou; Nial R. Tanvir; Jochen Grelner; Michael I. Andersen; Alberto J. Castro-Tirado; José María Castro Cerón; Andrew S. Fruchter; Javier Gorosabel; Páll Jakobsson; Lex Kaper; Sylvio Klose; Nicola Masettl; Holger Pedersen; Kristian Pedersen; Elena Plan; Ellana Palazzi; James E. Rhoads; Evert Rol; Edward P.J. Van den Heuvel; Paul M. Vreeswljk; Darach Watson; Ralph A.M.J. Wljers

doi:10.1038/nature01750

A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003

Jens Hjorth, Jesper Sollerman, Palle Møller, Johan P.U. Fynbo, Stan E. Woosley, Chryssa Kouveliotou, Nial R. Tanvir, Jochen Grelner, Michael I. Andersen, Alberto J. Castro-Tirado, José María Castro Cerón, Andrew S. Fruchter, Javier Gorosabel, Páll Jakobsson, Lex Kaper, Sylvio Klose, Nicola Masettl, Holger Pedersen, Kristian Pedersen, Elena PlanEllana Palazzi, James E. Rhoads, Evert Rol, Edward P.J. Van den Heuvel, Paul M. Vreeswljk, Darach Watson, Ralph A.M.J. Wljers

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Abstract

Over the past five years evidence has mounted that long-duration (>2 s) γ-ray bursts (GRBs)-the most luminous of all astronomical explosions-signal the collapse of massive stars in our Universe. This evidence was originally based on the probable association of one unusual GRB with a supernova, but now includes the association of GRBs with regions of massive star formation in distant galaxies, the appearance of supernova-like 'bumps' in the optical afterglow light curves of several bursts and lines of freshly synthesized elements in the spectra of a few X-ray afterglows. These observations support, but do not yet conclusively demonstrate, the idea that long-duration GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars, presumably arising from core collapse. Here we report evidence that a very energetic supernova (a hypernova) was temporally and spatially coincident with a GRB at redshift z = 0.1685. The timing of the supernova indicates that it exploded within a few days of the GRB, strongly suggesting that core-collapse events can give rise to GRBs, thereby favouring the 'collapsar' model.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	847-850
Number of pages	4
Journal	Nature
Volume	423
Issue number	6942
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01750
State	Published - Jun 19 2003
Externally published	Yes

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Hjorth, J., Sollerman, J., Møller, P., Fynbo, J. P. U., Woosley, S. E., Kouveliotou, C., Tanvir, N. R., Grelner, J., Andersen, M. I., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Castro Cerón, J. M., Fruchter, A. S., Gorosabel, J., Jakobsson, P., Kaper, L., Klose, S., Masettl, N., Pedersen, H., Pedersen, K., ... Wljers, R. A. M. J. (2003). A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003. Nature, 423(6942), 847-850. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01750

Hjorth, J, Sollerman, J, Møller, P, Fynbo, JPU, Woosley, SE, Kouveliotou, C, Tanvir, NR, Grelner, J, Andersen, MI, Castro-Tirado, AJ, Castro Cerón, JM, Fruchter, AS, Gorosabel, J, Jakobsson, P, Kaper, L, Klose, S, Masettl, N, Pedersen, H, Pedersen, K, Plan, E, Palazzi, E, Rhoads, JE, Rol, E, Van den Heuvel, EPJ, Vreeswljk, PM, Watson, D & Wljers, RAMJ 2003, 'A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003', Nature, vol. 423, no. 6942, pp. 847-850. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01750

@article{bb81286a0b164a61a06633d848fecdf4,

title = "A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003",

abstract = "Over the past five years evidence has mounted that long-duration (>2 s) γ-ray bursts (GRBs)-the most luminous of all astronomical explosions-signal the collapse of massive stars in our Universe. This evidence was originally based on the probable association of one unusual GRB with a supernova, but now includes the association of GRBs with regions of massive star formation in distant galaxies, the appearance of supernova-like 'bumps' in the optical afterglow light curves of several bursts and lines of freshly synthesized elements in the spectra of a few X-ray afterglows. These observations support, but do not yet conclusively demonstrate, the idea that long-duration GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars, presumably arising from core collapse. Here we report evidence that a very energetic supernova (a hypernova) was temporally and spatially coincident with a GRB at redshift z = 0.1685. The timing of the supernova indicates that it exploded within a few days of the GRB, strongly suggesting that core-collapse events can give rise to GRBs, thereby favouring the 'collapsar' model.",

author = "Jens Hjorth and Jesper Sollerman and Palle M{\o}ller and Fynbo, {Johan P.U.} and Woosley, {Stan E.} and Chryssa Kouveliotou and Tanvir, {Nial R.} and Jochen Grelner and Andersen, {Michael I.} and Castro-Tirado, {Alberto J.} and {Castro Cer{\'o}n}, {Jos{\'e} Mar{\'i}a} and Fruchter, {Andrew S.} and Javier Gorosabel and P{\'a}ll Jakobsson and Lex Kaper and Sylvio Klose and Nicola Masettl and Holger Pedersen and Kristian Pedersen and Elena Plan and Ellana Palazzi and Rhoads, {James E.} and Evert Rol and {Van den Heuvel}, {Edward P.J.} and Vreeswljk, {Paul M.} and Darach Watson and Wljers, {Ralph A.M.J.}",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements We thank F. Patat for discussions. This paper is based on observations collected by the Gamma-Ray Burst Collaboration at ESO (GRACE) at the European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile. We thank the ESO staff at the Paranal Observatory, in particular N. Ageorges, P. Gandhi, S. Hubrig, R. Johnson, C. Ledoux, K. O{\textquoteright}Brien, R. Scarpa, T. Szeifert and L. Vanzi, for their help in securing the service mode data reported here. We acknowledge benefits from collaboration within the EU FP5 Research Training Network “Gamma-Ray Bursts: An Enigma and a Tool”. This work was also supported by the Danish Natural Science Research Council (SNF). J.P.U.F. and K.P. acknowledge support from the Carlsberg Foundation. Funding Information: Acknowledgements P.A.P. and B.P.S. thank the ARC for supporting Australian GRB research. GRB research at Caltech is supported in part by funds from NSF and NASA. We are indebted to S. Barthelmy and the GCN, as well as the HETE-II team for prompt alerts of GRB localizations.",

year = "2003",

month = jun,

day = "19",

doi = "10.1038/nature01750",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "423",

pages = "847--850",

journal = "Nature",

issn = "0028-0836",

publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

number = "6942",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003

AU - Hjorth, Jens

AU - Sollerman, Jesper

AU - Møller, Palle

AU - Fynbo, Johan P.U.

AU - Woosley, Stan E.

AU - Kouveliotou, Chryssa

AU - Tanvir, Nial R.

AU - Grelner, Jochen

AU - Andersen, Michael I.

AU - Castro-Tirado, Alberto J.

AU - Castro Cerón, José María

AU - Fruchter, Andrew S.

AU - Gorosabel, Javier

AU - Jakobsson, Páll

AU - Kaper, Lex

AU - Klose, Sylvio

AU - Masettl, Nicola

AU - Pedersen, Holger

AU - Pedersen, Kristian

AU - Plan, Elena

AU - Palazzi, Ellana

AU - Rhoads, James E.

AU - Rol, Evert

AU - Van den Heuvel, Edward P.J.

AU - Vreeswljk, Paul M.

AU - Watson, Darach

AU - Wljers, Ralph A.M.J.

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements We thank F. Patat for discussions. This paper is based on observations collected by the Gamma-Ray Burst Collaboration at ESO (GRACE) at the European Southern Observatory, Paranal, Chile. We thank the ESO staff at the Paranal Observatory, in particular N. Ageorges, P. Gandhi, S. Hubrig, R. Johnson, C. Ledoux, K. O’Brien, R. Scarpa, T. Szeifert and L. Vanzi, for their help in securing the service mode data reported here. We acknowledge benefits from collaboration within the EU FP5 Research Training Network “Gamma-Ray Bursts: An Enigma and a Tool”. This work was also supported by the Danish Natural Science Research Council (SNF). J.P.U.F. and K.P. acknowledge support from the Carlsberg Foundation. Funding Information: Acknowledgements P.A.P. and B.P.S. thank the ARC for supporting Australian GRB research. GRB research at Caltech is supported in part by funds from NSF and NASA. We are indebted to S. Barthelmy and the GCN, as well as the HETE-II team for prompt alerts of GRB localizations.

PY - 2003/6/19

Y1 - 2003/6/19

N2 - Over the past five years evidence has mounted that long-duration (>2 s) γ-ray bursts (GRBs)-the most luminous of all astronomical explosions-signal the collapse of massive stars in our Universe. This evidence was originally based on the probable association of one unusual GRB with a supernova, but now includes the association of GRBs with regions of massive star formation in distant galaxies, the appearance of supernova-like 'bumps' in the optical afterglow light curves of several bursts and lines of freshly synthesized elements in the spectra of a few X-ray afterglows. These observations support, but do not yet conclusively demonstrate, the idea that long-duration GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars, presumably arising from core collapse. Here we report evidence that a very energetic supernova (a hypernova) was temporally and spatially coincident with a GRB at redshift z = 0.1685. The timing of the supernova indicates that it exploded within a few days of the GRB, strongly suggesting that core-collapse events can give rise to GRBs, thereby favouring the 'collapsar' model.

AB - Over the past five years evidence has mounted that long-duration (>2 s) γ-ray bursts (GRBs)-the most luminous of all astronomical explosions-signal the collapse of massive stars in our Universe. This evidence was originally based on the probable association of one unusual GRB with a supernova, but now includes the association of GRBs with regions of massive star formation in distant galaxies, the appearance of supernova-like 'bumps' in the optical afterglow light curves of several bursts and lines of freshly synthesized elements in the spectra of a few X-ray afterglows. These observations support, but do not yet conclusively demonstrate, the idea that long-duration GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars, presumably arising from core collapse. Here we report evidence that a very energetic supernova (a hypernova) was temporally and spatially coincident with a GRB at redshift z = 0.1685. The timing of the supernova indicates that it exploded within a few days of the GRB, strongly suggesting that core-collapse events can give rise to GRBs, thereby favouring the 'collapsar' model.

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U2 - 10.1038/nature01750

DO - 10.1038/nature01750

M3 - Article

C2 - 12815425

AN - SCOPUS:0038643462

SN - 0028-0836

VL - 423

SP - 847

EP - 850

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

IS - 6942

ER -

A very energetic supernova associated with the γ-ray burst of 29 March 2003

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