Abstract
We present limits on the 21 cm power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization using data from the 64 antenna configuration of the Donald C. Backer Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) analyzed through a power spectrum pipeline independent from previous PAPER analyses. Previously reported results from PAPER have been found to contain significant signal loss. Several lossy steps from previous PAPER pipelines have not been included in this analysis, namely delay-based foreground filtering, optimal fringe-rate filtering, and empirical covariance-based estimators. Steps that remain in common with previous analyses include redundant calibration and local sidereal time (LST) binning. The power spectra reported here are effectively the result of applying a linear Fourier transform analysis to the calibrated, LST-binned data. This analysis also uses more data than previous publications, including the complete available redshift range of z ∼ 7.5 to 11. In previous PAPER analyses, many power spectrum measurements were found to be detections of noncosmological power at levels of significance ranging from two to hundreds of times the theoretical noise. Here, excess power is examined using redundancy between baselines and power spectrum jackknives. The upper limits we find on the 21 cm power spectrum from reionization are (1500 mK)2, (1900 mK)2, (280mK)2, (200mK)2, (380mK)2, and (300mK)2 at redshifts z = 10.87, 9.93, 8.68, 8.37, 8.13, and 7.48, respectively. For reasons described in Cheng et al., these limits supersede all previous PAPER results.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 133 |
| Journal | Astrophysical Journal |
| Volume | 883 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 1 2019 |
Keywords
- dark ages
- first stars
- reionization
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
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In: Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 883, No. 2, 133, 01.10.2019.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A Simplified, Lossless Reanalysis of PAPER-64
AU - Kolopanis, Matthew
AU - Jacobs, Daniel C.
AU - Cheng, Carina
AU - Parsons, Aaron R.
AU - Kohn, Saul A.
AU - Pober, Jonathan C.
AU - Aguirre, James E.
AU - Ali, Zaki S.
AU - Bernardi, Gianni
AU - Bradley, Richard F.
AU - Carilli, Chris L.
AU - Deboer, David R.
AU - Dexter, Matthew R.
AU - Dillon, Joshua S.
AU - Kerrigan, Joshua
AU - Klima, Pat
AU - Liu, Adrian
AU - MacMahon, David H.E.
AU - Moore, David F.
AU - Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan
AU - Nunhokee, Chuneeta D.
AU - Walbrugh, William P.
AU - Walker, Andre
N1 - Funding Information: Matthew Kolopanis Daniel C. Jacobs Carina Cheng Aaron R. Parsons Saul A. Kohn Jonathan C. Pober James E. Aguirre Zaki S. Ali Gianni Bernardi Richard F. Bradley Chris L. Carilli David R. DeBoer Matthew R. Dexter Joshua S. Dillon Joshua Kerrigan Pat Klima Adrian Liu David H. E. MacMahon David F. Moore Nithyanandan Thyagarajan Chuneeta D. Nunhokee William P. Walbrugh Andre Walker Matthew Kolopanis Daniel C. Jacobs Carina Cheng Aaron R. Parsons Saul A. Kohn Jonathan C. Pober James E. Aguirre Zaki S. Ali Gianni Bernardi Richard F. Bradley Chris L. Carilli David R. DeBoer Matthew R. Dexter Joshua S. Dillon Joshua Kerrigan Pat Klima Adrian Liu David H. E. MacMahon David F. Moore Nithyanandan Thyagarajan Chuneeta D. Nunhokee William P. Walbrugh Andre Walker School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, USA Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley CA, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, USA Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence RI, USA INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia, via Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna, Italy Department of Physics and Electronics, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa South African Radio Astronomy Observatory, Black River Park, 2 Fir Street, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA, USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville VA, USA Department of of Astronomy, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA, USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Socorro, NM, USA Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, UK Department of Physics and McGill Space Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, Gravity & the Extreme Universe Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 661 University Avenue, Suite 505, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada NSF AAPF Fellow. Jansky Fellow of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Matthew Kolopanis, Daniel C. Jacobs, Carina Cheng, Aaron R. Parsons, Saul A. Kohn, Jonathan C. Pober, James E. Aguirre, Zaki S. Ali, Gianni Bernardi, Richard F. Bradley, Chris L. Carilli, David R. DeBoer, Matthew R. Dexter, Joshua S. Dillon, Joshua Kerrigan, Pat Klima, Adrian Liu, David H. E. MacMahon, David F. Moore, Nithyanandan Thyagarajan, Chuneeta D. Nunhokee, William P. Walbrugh and Andre Walker 2019-10-01 2019-09-27 10:01:31 cgi/release: Article released bin/incoming: New from .zip National Science Foundation AST-1613973 National Science Foundation 1106400 National Science Foundation 1440343 National Science Foundation 1636646 National Science Foundation 1352519 National Science Foundation 1401708 National Science Foundation 1455151 INAF PRIN-SKA 1.05.01.88.04 Ministero degli Affari Esteri della Cooperazione Internazionale - Direzione Generale per la Promozione del Sistema Paese Progetto di Grande Rilevanza ZA18GR02 National Research Foundation of South Africa 113121 National Research Foundation of South Africa 103424 yes We present limits on the 21 cm power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization using data from the 64 antenna configuration of the Donald C. Backer Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) analyzed through a power spectrum pipeline independent from previous PAPER analyses. Previously reported results from PAPER have been found to contain significant signal loss. Several lossy steps from previous PAPER pipelines have not been included in this analysis, namely delay-based foreground filtering, optimal fringe-rate filtering, and empirical covariance-based estimators. Steps that remain in common with previous analyses include redundant calibration and local sidereal time (LST) binning. The power spectra reported here are effectively the result of applying a linear Fourier transform analysis to the calibrated, LST-binned data. This analysis also uses more data than previous publications, including the complete available redshift range of z �∼�7.5 to 11. In previous PAPER analyses, many power spectrum measurements were found to be detections of noncosmological power at levels of significance ranging from two to hundreds of times the theoretical noise. Here, excess power is examined using redundancy between baselines and power spectrum jackknives. The upper limits we find on the 21 cm power spectrum from reionization are , , , , , and at redshifts z �=�10.87, 9.93, 8.68, 8.37, 8.13, and 7.48, respectively. For reasons described in Cheng et al., these limits supersede all previous PAPER results. � 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Ali S. S., Bharadwaj S. and Chengalur J. N. 2008 MNRAS 385 2166 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12984.x Ali S. S., Bharadwaj S. and Chengalur J. N. MNRAS 0035-8711 385 2008 2166 Ali Z. S., Parsons A. R., Zheng H. et al 2015 ApJ 809 61 10.1088/0004-637X/809/1/61 Ali Z. S., Parsons A. R., Zheng H. et al ApJ 0004-637X 809 1 61 2015 61 Ali Z. S., Parsons A. R., Zheng H. et al 2018 ApJ 863 201 10.3847/1538-4357/aad7b4 Ali Z. S., Parsons A. R., Zheng H. et al ApJ 0004-637X 863 2 201 2018 201 Andrae R. 2010 arXiv:1009.2755 Andrae R. 2010 Astropy Collaboration, Robitaille T. P., Tollerud E. J. et al 2013 A&A 558 A33 10.1051/0004-6361/201322068 Astropy Collaboration, Robitaille T. 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PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - We present limits on the 21 cm power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization using data from the 64 antenna configuration of the Donald C. Backer Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) analyzed through a power spectrum pipeline independent from previous PAPER analyses. Previously reported results from PAPER have been found to contain significant signal loss. Several lossy steps from previous PAPER pipelines have not been included in this analysis, namely delay-based foreground filtering, optimal fringe-rate filtering, and empirical covariance-based estimators. Steps that remain in common with previous analyses include redundant calibration and local sidereal time (LST) binning. The power spectra reported here are effectively the result of applying a linear Fourier transform analysis to the calibrated, LST-binned data. This analysis also uses more data than previous publications, including the complete available redshift range of z ∼ 7.5 to 11. In previous PAPER analyses, many power spectrum measurements were found to be detections of noncosmological power at levels of significance ranging from two to hundreds of times the theoretical noise. Here, excess power is examined using redundancy between baselines and power spectrum jackknives. The upper limits we find on the 21 cm power spectrum from reionization are (1500 mK)2, (1900 mK)2, (280mK)2, (200mK)2, (380mK)2, and (300mK)2 at redshifts z = 10.87, 9.93, 8.68, 8.37, 8.13, and 7.48, respectively. For reasons described in Cheng et al., these limits supersede all previous PAPER results.
AB - We present limits on the 21 cm power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization using data from the 64 antenna configuration of the Donald C. Backer Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) analyzed through a power spectrum pipeline independent from previous PAPER analyses. Previously reported results from PAPER have been found to contain significant signal loss. Several lossy steps from previous PAPER pipelines have not been included in this analysis, namely delay-based foreground filtering, optimal fringe-rate filtering, and empirical covariance-based estimators. Steps that remain in common with previous analyses include redundant calibration and local sidereal time (LST) binning. The power spectra reported here are effectively the result of applying a linear Fourier transform analysis to the calibrated, LST-binned data. This analysis also uses more data than previous publications, including the complete available redshift range of z ∼ 7.5 to 11. In previous PAPER analyses, many power spectrum measurements were found to be detections of noncosmological power at levels of significance ranging from two to hundreds of times the theoretical noise. Here, excess power is examined using redundancy between baselines and power spectrum jackknives. The upper limits we find on the 21 cm power spectrum from reionization are (1500 mK)2, (1900 mK)2, (280mK)2, (200mK)2, (380mK)2, and (300mK)2 at redshifts z = 10.87, 9.93, 8.68, 8.37, 8.13, and 7.48, respectively. For reasons described in Cheng et al., these limits supersede all previous PAPER results.
KW - dark ages
KW - first stars
KW - reionization
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U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ab3e3a
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ab3e3a
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85074127513
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 883
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 2
M1 - 133
ER -