A Review of Hybrid Supply Modulators in CMOS Technologies for Envelope Tracking PAs

Sumit Bhardwaj; Soroush Moallemi; Jennifer Kitchen

doi:10.1109/TPEL.2022.3233441

A Review of Hybrid Supply Modulators in CMOS Technologies for Envelope Tracking PAs

Sumit Bhardwaj, Soroush Moallemi, Jennifer Kitchen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

This article reviews trends, architectures, and recent developments in CMOS-based supply modulators (SM) used for envelope-tracking power amplifiers (ET-PAs). This review details the most commonly used hybrid supply modulator (HSM) architecture in CMOS and discusses its performance requirements and design challenges. The importance of efficiency, speed, linearity, and output power in HSM design is delineated and different methods that focus on maximizing these performance parameters are presented. Finally, the design challenges of envelope tracking systems are discussed, and an overview of device technologies for implementing SM and ET-PAs is given.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	6036-6062
Number of pages	27
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Volume	38
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2022.3233441
State	Published - May 1 2023

Keywords

CMOS
envelope tracking (ET)
long-term evolution
power amplifier (PA)
radio frequency (RF)
supply modulator (SM)
wireless communication

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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10.1109/TPEL.2022.3233441

Cite this

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title = "A Review of Hybrid Supply Modulators in CMOS Technologies for Envelope Tracking PAs",

abstract = "This article reviews trends, architectures, and recent developments in CMOS-based supply modulators (SM) used for envelope-tracking power amplifiers (ET-PAs). This review details the most commonly used hybrid supply modulator (HSM) architecture in CMOS and discusses its performance requirements and design challenges. The importance of efficiency, speed, linearity, and output power in HSM design is delineated and different methods that focus on maximizing these performance parameters are presented. Finally, the design challenges of envelope tracking systems are discussed, and an overview of device technologies for implementing SM and ET-PAs is given.",

keywords = "CMOS, envelope tracking (ET), long-term evolution, power amplifier (PA), radio frequency (RF), supply modulator (SM), wireless communication",

author = "Sumit Bhardwaj and Soroush Moallemi and Jennifer Kitchen",

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AB - This article reviews trends, architectures, and recent developments in CMOS-based supply modulators (SM) used for envelope-tracking power amplifiers (ET-PAs). This review details the most commonly used hybrid supply modulator (HSM) architecture in CMOS and discusses its performance requirements and design challenges. The importance of efficiency, speed, linearity, and output power in HSM design is delineated and different methods that focus on maximizing these performance parameters are presented. Finally, the design challenges of envelope tracking systems are discussed, and an overview of device technologies for implementing SM and ET-PAs is given.

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KW - long-term evolution

KW - power amplifier (PA)

KW - radio frequency (RF)

KW - supply modulator (SM)

KW - wireless communication

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A Review of Hybrid Supply Modulators in CMOS Technologies for Envelope Tracking PAs

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Keywords

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