TY - JOUR
T1 - A Randomized Trial of a Home-Based Educational Approach to Increase Live Donor Kidney Transplantation
T2 - Effects in Blacks and Whites
AU - Rodrigue, James R.
AU - Cornell, Danielle L.
AU - Kaplan, Bruce
AU - Howard, Richard J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Support: This research was supported by a grant from the US Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (Division of Transplantation, 5H39OT00115).
PY - 2008/4
Y1 - 2008/4
N2 - Background: Blacks are disproportionately affected by chronic kidney disease, but are far less likely to undergo live donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) than whites. We assessed the differential effectiveness in blacks and whites of a home-based (HB) LDKT educational approach. Study Design: A planned secondary analysis of a previously published randomized trial. Setting & Participants: 132 patients (60 black, 72 white) approved for kidney transplantation at 1 kidney transplant center in the southeastern United States. Intervention: Assignment to receive either standard clinic-based (CB) transplant education (n = 69) or CB plus an HB (CB + HB) LDKT education program (n = 63). The HB education program was culturally sensitive for blacks, including using a minority health educator, brochures that highlight minority transplant recipients and donors, and discussion of race-specific outcome data. Outcomes: Primary outcomes were proportions of patients with live donor inquiries, evaluations, and transplants 1 year after study participation. Measurements: Medical record and questionnaire data. Results: 69 patients were assigned to the CB group, and 63 to the CB + HB group. After 1 year, there were 96 living donor inquiries (72.7%), 62 living donor evaluations (47.0%), and 54 LDKTs (40.9%). Patients assigned to the CB + HB group were more likely to have had living donor inquiries (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 3.0), a living donor evaluated (OR, 2.7; CI, 1.4 to 5.4), and LDKT (OR, 3.0; CI, 1.5 to 5.9). The effect was greater in blacks than whites for living donor evaluations and LDKT, but not for living donor inquiries (treatment-by-race interaction, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.8, respectively). Blacks in the CB + HB group were more likely to have had at least 1 living donor inquiry (51.7% versus 77.4%), at least 1 living donor evaluated (17.2% versus 48.4%), and LDKT (13.8% versus 45.2%) than those in the CB group. By comparison, whites in the CB + HB group were more likely to have had at least 1 living donor inquiry (72.5% versus 87.5%), at least 1 living donor evaluated (47.5% versus 71.9%), and LDKT (42.5% versus 59.4%) than those in the CB group. Limitations: Single-center study with greater dropout rate in the CB + HB group. Conclusions: These results suggest that a culturally sensitive LDKT education program that reaches out to blacks and their social support network can overcome some barriers to LDKT in this population.
AB - Background: Blacks are disproportionately affected by chronic kidney disease, but are far less likely to undergo live donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) than whites. We assessed the differential effectiveness in blacks and whites of a home-based (HB) LDKT educational approach. Study Design: A planned secondary analysis of a previously published randomized trial. Setting & Participants: 132 patients (60 black, 72 white) approved for kidney transplantation at 1 kidney transplant center in the southeastern United States. Intervention: Assignment to receive either standard clinic-based (CB) transplant education (n = 69) or CB plus an HB (CB + HB) LDKT education program (n = 63). The HB education program was culturally sensitive for blacks, including using a minority health educator, brochures that highlight minority transplant recipients and donors, and discussion of race-specific outcome data. Outcomes: Primary outcomes were proportions of patients with live donor inquiries, evaluations, and transplants 1 year after study participation. Measurements: Medical record and questionnaire data. Results: 69 patients were assigned to the CB group, and 63 to the CB + HB group. After 1 year, there were 96 living donor inquiries (72.7%), 62 living donor evaluations (47.0%), and 54 LDKTs (40.9%). Patients assigned to the CB + HB group were more likely to have had living donor inquiries (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 3.0), a living donor evaluated (OR, 2.7; CI, 1.4 to 5.4), and LDKT (OR, 3.0; CI, 1.5 to 5.9). The effect was greater in blacks than whites for living donor evaluations and LDKT, but not for living donor inquiries (treatment-by-race interaction, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.8, respectively). Blacks in the CB + HB group were more likely to have had at least 1 living donor inquiry (51.7% versus 77.4%), at least 1 living donor evaluated (17.2% versus 48.4%), and LDKT (13.8% versus 45.2%) than those in the CB group. By comparison, whites in the CB + HB group were more likely to have had at least 1 living donor inquiry (72.5% versus 87.5%), at least 1 living donor evaluated (47.5% versus 71.9%), and LDKT (42.5% versus 59.4%) than those in the CB group. Limitations: Single-center study with greater dropout rate in the CB + HB group. Conclusions: These results suggest that a culturally sensitive LDKT education program that reaches out to blacks and their social support network can overcome some barriers to LDKT in this population.
KW - Randomized trial
KW - kidney transplantation
KW - living donation
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U2 - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.11.027
DO - 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.11.027
M3 - Article
C2 - 18371542
AN - SCOPUS:40849145943
SN - 0272-6386
VL - 51
SP - 663
EP - 670
JO - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
JF - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
IS - 4
ER -