TY - JOUR
T1 - A novel photoelectrochemical system to disrupt microalgae for maximizing lipid-extraction efficiency
AU - Wu, Yongwu
AU - Xiang, Wenhao
AU - Li, Linyang
AU - Liu, Huimin
AU - Zhong, Nianbing
AU - Chang, Haixing
AU - Rittmann, Bruce E.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Chunhong Zhang (Chongqing University of Technology, China) for technical assistance with characterizations of the TiO 2 -based photocatalyst and P-Pd catalyst. We acknowledge the service of ceshi100 (https://www.ceshi100.com/), China, for the characterization of the cell structure of Chlorella. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) ( 51876018 , 51806026 ), the Scientific and Technological Research Program, Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Foundation ( KJQN201801117 ), the Postgraduate Research Innovation Project of the Chongqing University of Technology ( ycx20192047 ), and the Postgraduate Research Innovation Project of Chongqing ( CYS18309 , CYS19318 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/9/15
Y1 - 2021/9/15
N2 - Microalgae biodiesel is a candidate to provide renewable, C-neutral energy. However, microalgal cells possess strong cell walls and cell membranes with high selective permeability, both of which hinder the extraction of lipids from the microalgae. Optimizing lipid extraction involves disrupting the microalgae's cell wall and membrane. The hydroxyl free radical (•OH) can attack the cell wall and cell membrane in the microalgae, making the microalgae more susceptible to lipid extraction. Introduced here is a PhotoElectroChemical (PEC) with TiO2-based photoanode utilized UV–Vis light to produce •OH at a phosphate-palladium cathode. Until now, PEC has not been utilized to disrupt microalgal cells to improve the extraction of microalgae lipids. Here, a novel PEC system – comprised of two nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanotube photoanodes, a bipolar membrane, and a phosphorus-palladium cathode – was demonstrated to disrupt microalgal biomass to improve lipid extraction. PEC utilizes ultraviolet and visible light as the only input energy for the effective disruption of the microalgal cell. Pretreatment of Chlorella using the PEC system resulted in 96% oil-extraction efficiency which was approximately 10 times higher than that achieved without the pretreatment and an increases in desirable C16:0. Also explored were the mechanisms underlying •OH generation and microalgae disruption. PEC promises to be an eco-friendly and low-energy technology that can promote the development of microalgae industries.
AB - Microalgae biodiesel is a candidate to provide renewable, C-neutral energy. However, microalgal cells possess strong cell walls and cell membranes with high selective permeability, both of which hinder the extraction of lipids from the microalgae. Optimizing lipid extraction involves disrupting the microalgae's cell wall and membrane. The hydroxyl free radical (•OH) can attack the cell wall and cell membrane in the microalgae, making the microalgae more susceptible to lipid extraction. Introduced here is a PhotoElectroChemical (PEC) with TiO2-based photoanode utilized UV–Vis light to produce •OH at a phosphate-palladium cathode. Until now, PEC has not been utilized to disrupt microalgal cells to improve the extraction of microalgae lipids. Here, a novel PEC system – comprised of two nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanotube photoanodes, a bipolar membrane, and a phosphorus-palladium cathode – was demonstrated to disrupt microalgal biomass to improve lipid extraction. PEC utilizes ultraviolet and visible light as the only input energy for the effective disruption of the microalgal cell. Pretreatment of Chlorella using the PEC system resulted in 96% oil-extraction efficiency which was approximately 10 times higher than that achieved without the pretreatment and an increases in desirable C16:0. Also explored were the mechanisms underlying •OH generation and microalgae disruption. PEC promises to be an eco-friendly and low-energy technology that can promote the development of microalgae industries.
KW - Cell-wall disruption of microalgae
KW - Hydroxyl radical
KW - N-doped TiO nanotube arrays
KW - Oil extraction
KW - Phosphorus-palladium cathode
KW - Photoelectrochemical
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130517
DO - 10.1016/j.cej.2021.130517
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107134793
SN - 1385-8947
VL - 420
JO - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF - Chemical Engineering Journal
M1 - 130517
ER -