TY - JOUR
T1 - A longitudinal analysis of the overlap between violence and victimization among adults with mental illnesses
AU - Johnson, Kiersten L.
AU - Desmarais, Sarah L.
AU - Tueller, Stephen J.
AU - Grimm, Kevin
AU - Swartz, Marvin S.
AU - Van Dorn, Richard A.
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper was based on results from the Facilitated Psychiatric Advance Directive (F-PAD) project, supported with Federal funds from the NIMH through research grant R01MH063949 and also was supported by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Mandated Community Treatment (PI: Jeffrey W. Swanson, Ph.D.); results from the MacArthur Mental Disorder and Violence Risk (MacRisk) project, supported with funds from the Research Network on Mental Health and the Law of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Chicago, Ill, and by NIMH grant R0149696 (PI: John Monahan, Ph.D.); results from the Schizophrenia Care and Assessment Program (SCAP) project, supported with funds from Eli Lilly, Inc., through a contract with the MedStat Group (PI: Jeffrey W. Swanson, Ph.D.); results from the MacArthur Mandated Community Treatment (MacMandate) project, supported with funds from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Mandated Community Treatment (PI: John Monahan, Ph.D.); and results from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) project, supported with Federal funds from the National Institute of Mental Health under contract NO1MH90001.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
PY - 2016/12/30
Y1 - 2016/12/30
N2 - Prior research suggests considerable overlap of violence perpetration and victimization among adults with mental illnesses. However, there has been no examination of how the likelihood of being a victim and/or perpetrator of violence may change over time, nor consideration of clinically-relevant factors affecting these transitions. In a pooled sample of adults with mental illnesses (N=3,473) we employed latent transition analysis to: (a) determine prevalence of four violence and victimization classifications (i.e., non-victim/non-perpetrator, victim only, perpetrator only, and victim-perpetrator) over a 6-month period; (b) calculate the likelihood that adults with mental illnesses will remain in or transition between these classifications over time; and (c) assess the effects of recent substance use, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal behaviors on transitions over time. At each time point, the majority of participants identified as non-victim/non-perpetrators, followed by victim-perpetrators, victims only, and perpetrators only. Analyses also revealed many individuals transitioned between classifications over time. These distinct pathways towards, and away from, violent outcomes were, in part, a function of recent violence and/or victimization, as well as substance use, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal behaviors. Findings inform the identification of adults with mental illnesses at risk of violence and victimization and highlight points of intervention.
AB - Prior research suggests considerable overlap of violence perpetration and victimization among adults with mental illnesses. However, there has been no examination of how the likelihood of being a victim and/or perpetrator of violence may change over time, nor consideration of clinically-relevant factors affecting these transitions. In a pooled sample of adults with mental illnesses (N=3,473) we employed latent transition analysis to: (a) determine prevalence of four violence and victimization classifications (i.e., non-victim/non-perpetrator, victim only, perpetrator only, and victim-perpetrator) over a 6-month period; (b) calculate the likelihood that adults with mental illnesses will remain in or transition between these classifications over time; and (c) assess the effects of recent substance use, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal behaviors on transitions over time. At each time point, the majority of participants identified as non-victim/non-perpetrators, followed by victim-perpetrators, victims only, and perpetrators only. Analyses also revealed many individuals transitioned between classifications over time. These distinct pathways towards, and away from, violent outcomes were, in part, a function of recent violence and/or victimization, as well as substance use, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal behaviors. Findings inform the identification of adults with mental illnesses at risk of violence and victimization and highlight points of intervention.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.039
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.039
M3 - Article
C2 - 27721058
AN - SCOPUS:84990861394
SN - 0165-1781
VL - 246
SP - 203
EP - 210
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
ER -