A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications

R. L. Cooper; Ricardo Alarcon; M. J. Bales; C. D. Bass; E. J. Beise; H. Breuer; J. Byrne; T. E. Chupp; K. J. Coakley; M. S. Dewey; C. Fu; T. R. Gentile; H. P. Mumm; J. S. Nico; B. Oneill; K. Pulliam; A. K. Thompson; F. E. Wietfeldt

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2012.06.018

A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications

R. L. Cooper, Ricardo Alarcon, M. J. Bales, C. D. Bass, E. J. Beise, H. Breuer, J. Byrne, T. E. Chupp, K. J. Coakley, M. S. Dewey, C. Fu, T. R. Gentile, H. P. Mumm, J. S. Nico, B. Oneill, K. Pulliam, A. K. Thompson, F. E. Wietfeldt

Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

As part of an experiment to measure the spectrum of photons emitted in beta-decay of the free neutron, we developed and operated a detector consisting of 12 bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals coupled to avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The detector was operated near liquid nitrogen temperature in the bore of a superconducting magnet and registered photons with energies from 5 keV to 1000 keV. To enlarge the detection range, we also directly detected soft X-rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 20 keV with three large area APDs. The construction and operation of the detector are presented, as well as information on operation of APDs at cryogenic temperatures.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	64-71
Number of pages	8
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	691
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.06.018
State	Published - Nov 1 2012

Keywords

Avalanche photodiode
Bismuth germanate
Cold neutron
Neutron decay
Photon detection
Weak interactions

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Instrumentation

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10.1016/j.nima.2012.06.018

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Cooper, R. L., Alarcon, R., Bales, M. J., Bass, C. D., Beise, E. J., Breuer, H., Byrne, J., Chupp, T. E., Coakley, K. J., Dewey, M. S., Fu, C., Gentile, T. R., Mumm, H. P., Nico, J. S., Oneill, B., Pulliam, K., Thompson, A. K., & Wietfeldt, F. E. (2012). A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 691, 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.06.018

Cooper, RL, Alarcon, R, Bales, MJ, Bass, CD, Beise, EJ, Breuer, H, Byrne, J, Chupp, TE, Coakley, KJ, Dewey, MS, Fu, C, Gentile, TR, Mumm, HP, Nico, JS, Oneill, B, Pulliam, K, Thompson, AK & Wietfeldt, FE 2012, 'A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 691, pp. 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2012.06.018

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title = "A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications",

abstract = "As part of an experiment to measure the spectrum of photons emitted in beta-decay of the free neutron, we developed and operated a detector consisting of 12 bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals coupled to avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The detector was operated near liquid nitrogen temperature in the bore of a superconducting magnet and registered photons with energies from 5 keV to 1000 keV. To enlarge the detection range, we also directly detected soft X-rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 20 keV with three large area APDs. The construction and operation of the detector are presented, as well as information on operation of APDs at cryogenic temperatures.",

keywords = "Avalanche photodiode, Bismuth germanate, Cold neutron, Neutron decay, Photon detection, Weak interactions",

author = "Cooper, {R. L.} and Ricardo Alarcon and Bales, {M. J.} and Bass, {C. D.} and Beise, {E. J.} and H. Breuer and J. Byrne and Chupp, {T. E.} and Coakley, {K. J.} and Dewey, {M. S.} and C. Fu and Gentile, {T. R.} and Mumm, {H. P.} and Nico, {J. S.} and B. Oneill and K. Pulliam and Thompson, {A. K.} and Wietfeldt, {F. E.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank R. Farrell for numerous discussions about APD operation and properties and L.T. Hudson and R.M. Lindstrom for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation. ",

year = "2012",

month = nov,

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doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2012.06.018",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "691",

pages = "64--71",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications

AU - Cooper, R. L.

AU - Alarcon, Ricardo

AU - Bales, M. J.

AU - Bass, C. D.

AU - Beise, E. J.

AU - Breuer, H.

AU - Byrne, J.

AU - Chupp, T. E.

AU - Coakley, K. J.

AU - Dewey, M. S.

AU - Fu, C.

AU - Gentile, T. R.

AU - Mumm, H. P.

AU - Nico, J. S.

AU - Oneill, B.

AU - Pulliam, K.

AU - Thompson, A. K.

AU - Wietfeldt, F. E.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank R. Farrell for numerous discussions about APD operation and properties and L.T. Hudson and R.M. Lindstrom for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation.

PY - 2012/11/1

Y1 - 2012/11/1

N2 - As part of an experiment to measure the spectrum of photons emitted in beta-decay of the free neutron, we developed and operated a detector consisting of 12 bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals coupled to avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The detector was operated near liquid nitrogen temperature in the bore of a superconducting magnet and registered photons with energies from 5 keV to 1000 keV. To enlarge the detection range, we also directly detected soft X-rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 20 keV with three large area APDs. The construction and operation of the detector are presented, as well as information on operation of APDs at cryogenic temperatures.

AB - As part of an experiment to measure the spectrum of photons emitted in beta-decay of the free neutron, we developed and operated a detector consisting of 12 bismuth germanate (BGO) crystals coupled to avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The detector was operated near liquid nitrogen temperature in the bore of a superconducting magnet and registered photons with energies from 5 keV to 1000 keV. To enlarge the detection range, we also directly detected soft X-rays with energies between 0.2 keV and 20 keV with three large area APDs. The construction and operation of the detector are presented, as well as information on operation of APDs at cryogenic temperatures.

KW - Avalanche photodiode

KW - Bismuth germanate

KW - Cold neutron

KW - Neutron decay

KW - Photon detection

KW - Weak interactions

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SN - 0168-9002

VL - 691

SP - 64

EP - 71

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

ER -

A gamma- and X-ray detector for cryogenic, high magnetic field applications

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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