TY - JOUR
T1 - A four-week white bread diet does not alter plasma glucose concentrations, metabolic or vascular physiology in mourning doves, Zenaida macroura
AU - Basile, Anthony J.
AU - Jasbi, Paniz
AU - Clark, William
AU - Shi, Xiaojian
AU - Gu, Haiwei
AU - Deviche, Pierre
AU - Sweazea, Karen L.
N1 - Funding Information:
ASU School of Life Sciences /Office of Knowledge Enterprise Development - Research Investment Initiative (KLS, PD), a summer research fellowship from the American Physiological Society (WC), and an ASU Center of Evolution and Medicine Graduate Fellow Award (AJB).
Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge Xinchen Wang from the Arizona State University Metabolomic Laboratory for their assistance with the multivariant analyses. We also thank Monique Bertin for her technical assistance with tissue and plasma assays. KLS, PD and HG were senior authors on the study. AJB, WC, and KLS carried out the plasma and tissue biochemical assays and data analyses. KLS carried out the vasodilation measurements and analyses. AJB, KLS, PD, and HG conceived and planned, while XS, PJ, and HG carried out, the plasma and tissue metabolomics data collection and analyses. AJB, KLS, and PD contributed to the interpretation of the results. AJB took the lead in writing the manuscript and all authors provided critical feedback. ASU School of Life Sciences/Office of Knowledge Enterprise Development - Research Investment Initiative (KLS, PD), a summer research fellowship from the American Physiological Society (WC), and an ASU Center of Evolution and Medicine Graduate Fellow Award (AJB). The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Inc.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/9
Y1 - 2020/9
N2 - Birds are an enigma: their plasma glucose concentration is 1.5–2 times higher than similar-sized mammals, yet they do not normally exhibit symptoms of diabetes. We hypothesized that feeding adult mourning doves a refined carbohydrate diet (white bread: WB) for four weeks would raise plasma glucose concentrations and alter metabolic pathways and endothelial function when compared to birds receiving a nutritionally-balanced diet (bird seeds: SD). Following the four-week long diets, birds were euthanized, and cardiac blood, liver, and pectoralis muscles were collected for metabolomics analyses and biochemical assays. Cranial tibial arteries were dissected to measure acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation. Contrary to the hypothesis, WB-fed birds did not have increased plasma glucose concentrations. Principle component analysis score plots suggest minimal differences between groups. However, we identified 15 changes in individual metabolite concentrations between diet groups that, although not statistically significant, are highly predictive (area under receive operating curve, AUROC>0.90; number of highly predictive metabolites: 5 of 123 in plasma, 4 of 92 in liver, and 6 of 92 in pectoralis muscle). Moreover, pathway analyses revealed no significantly altered metabolic pathways between groups. Biochemical assays revealed no significant group differences in plasma uric acid and insulin, or pectoralis muscle glycogen concentrations. However, hepatic glycogen concentration was 2.12-fold higher in the WB group than in control doves (p = .015). Diet type did not influence vasodilation. In conclusion, a four-week long white bread diet increased liver glycogen but did not alter plasma glucose concentrations, metabolic or vascular physiology in mourning doves.
AB - Birds are an enigma: their plasma glucose concentration is 1.5–2 times higher than similar-sized mammals, yet they do not normally exhibit symptoms of diabetes. We hypothesized that feeding adult mourning doves a refined carbohydrate diet (white bread: WB) for four weeks would raise plasma glucose concentrations and alter metabolic pathways and endothelial function when compared to birds receiving a nutritionally-balanced diet (bird seeds: SD). Following the four-week long diets, birds were euthanized, and cardiac blood, liver, and pectoralis muscles were collected for metabolomics analyses and biochemical assays. Cranial tibial arteries were dissected to measure acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation. Contrary to the hypothesis, WB-fed birds did not have increased plasma glucose concentrations. Principle component analysis score plots suggest minimal differences between groups. However, we identified 15 changes in individual metabolite concentrations between diet groups that, although not statistically significant, are highly predictive (area under receive operating curve, AUROC>0.90; number of highly predictive metabolites: 5 of 123 in plasma, 4 of 92 in liver, and 6 of 92 in pectoralis muscle). Moreover, pathway analyses revealed no significantly altered metabolic pathways between groups. Biochemical assays revealed no significant group differences in plasma uric acid and insulin, or pectoralis muscle glycogen concentrations. However, hepatic glycogen concentration was 2.12-fold higher in the WB group than in control doves (p = .015). Diet type did not influence vasodilation. In conclusion, a four-week long white bread diet increased liver glycogen but did not alter plasma glucose concentrations, metabolic or vascular physiology in mourning doves.
KW - Avian
KW - Bread diet
KW - Diabetes
KW - Nutrition
KW - Refined carbohydrate
KW - Vasodilation
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110718
DO - 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110718
M3 - Article
C2 - 32376459
AN - SCOPUS:85084738555
SN - 1095-6433
VL - 247
JO - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part A : Molecular and Integrative Physiology
JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -Part A : Molecular and Integrative Physiology
M1 - 110718
ER -