TY - JOUR
T1 - A fast and accurate mean radiant temperature model for courtyards
T2 - Evidence from the Keyuan Garden in central Guangdong, China
AU - Wu, Renzhi
AU - Fang, Xiaoshan
AU - Liu, Shuang
AU - Middel, Ariane
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the Keyuan Museum for supporting this work, and the Dongguan Meteorological Bureau and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for weather data. Funding for this research was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51878286 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2023/2/1
Y1 - 2023/2/1
N2 - Most models that simulate mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) for complex geometries are computationally expensive. We developed a fast and accurate Tmrt model for courtyards (CMRT) based on a parallelized quasi-physical algorithm. Here, we present the CMRT implementation, validate the model for Keyuan Garden in Central Guangdong, and compare model results and performance to ENVI-met and Ladybug Tools. The new model simulated Tmrt for various locations in the test bed courtyard with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.82 °C, outperforming Ladybug (5.00 °C) and ENVI-met (8.27 °C) and meeting the accuracy requirement for heat and cold stress. The CMRT model simulates Tmrt two orders of magnitude faster than ENVI-met and Ladybug Tools. Model performance increased with resolution of the domain and number of view facets. A sensitivity analysis shows that the solar beam fraction is the largest contributor to Tmrt after air temperature. Cloud cover has a non-linear effect on Tmrt, and every 1 °C increase in surrounding surface temperatures raises Tmrt by 0.28 °C. With faster simulations and reliable results, the CMRT model will facilitate future climate-resilient courtyard design.
AB - Most models that simulate mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) for complex geometries are computationally expensive. We developed a fast and accurate Tmrt model for courtyards (CMRT) based on a parallelized quasi-physical algorithm. Here, we present the CMRT implementation, validate the model for Keyuan Garden in Central Guangdong, and compare model results and performance to ENVI-met and Ladybug Tools. The new model simulated Tmrt for various locations in the test bed courtyard with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.82 °C, outperforming Ladybug (5.00 °C) and ENVI-met (8.27 °C) and meeting the accuracy requirement for heat and cold stress. The CMRT model simulates Tmrt two orders of magnitude faster than ENVI-met and Ladybug Tools. Model performance increased with resolution of the domain and number of view facets. A sensitivity analysis shows that the solar beam fraction is the largest contributor to Tmrt after air temperature. Cloud cover has a non-linear effect on Tmrt, and every 1 °C increase in surrounding surface temperatures raises Tmrt by 0.28 °C. With faster simulations and reliable results, the CMRT model will facilitate future climate-resilient courtyard design.
KW - Courtyard
KW - GPU
KW - Heat stress
KW - Mean radiant temperature
KW - Quasi-physical model
KW - Sensitivity analysis
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U2 - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109916
DO - 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109916
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85145549233
SN - 0360-1323
VL - 229
JO - Building and Environment
JF - Building and Environment
M1 - 109916
ER -