Abstract
This work presents a true random number generator (TRNG) based on a stochastic delta-sigma modulator (DSM) with ring oscillator (RO) integrators. The TRNG leverages noise and jitter in the ROs as entropy source. A multi-bit non-return-to-zero (NRZ) digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in the feedback path ensures DSM noise dominates input swing seen by the front-end integrators. Hence, the DSM can concurrently operate as an ADC and TRNG. A 65nm prototype achieves Shannon entropy >0.999998 with lower-bound min-entropy >0.995 at 52Mbps throughput while passing all NIST tests across multiple chips and voltage/temperature corners without needing calibration. The combined power consumption of ADC and TRNG is 0.36mW which is the lowest among state-of-the-art RO TRNGs. Low power consumption, high entropy, and concurrent operation of the TRNG as an ADC are principal contributions of this work.
Original language | English (US) |
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Journal | IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters |
DOIs | |
State | Accepted/In press - 2020 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Entropy
- Generators
- Jitter
- NIST
- Power supplies
- Semiconductor device measurement
- Voltage-controlled oscillators
- analog-to-digital converter
- delta-sigma.
- true random number generator
- voltage-controlled oscillator
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering