Engineering & Materials Science
Solar cells
100%
Substrates
80%
Heterojunctions
77%
Silicon
72%
Molecular beam epitaxy
62%
Temperature
48%
Electrons
48%
Nanowires
47%
Photoluminescence
46%
Energy gap
42%
Thin films
39%
Semiconductor quantum wells
35%
Semiconductor materials
35%
Doping (additives)
35%
Indium
32%
Thin film transistors
31%
Quantum efficiency
30%
Wavelength
30%
Amorphous silicon
29%
High electron mobility transistors
29%
Oxides
28%
Optical properties
27%
Metallizing
26%
Metals
26%
Phonons
26%
Multi-junction solar cells
25%
Annealing
24%
Electrodes
23%
Defects
23%
Transmission electron microscopy
23%
Silver
22%
Crystalline materials
22%
Passivation
21%
Antennas
21%
Ions
21%
Electric potential
20%
Fabrication
20%
Chemical analysis
20%
Electron holography
19%
Epitaxial growth
19%
Degradation
18%
Chalcogenides
18%
Lasers
18%
Carrier lifetime
17%
Transistors
17%
Scattering
17%
Data storage equipment
17%
Simulators
16%
Infrared radiation
16%
Superlattices
16%
Organic light emitting diodes (OLED)
16%
Electric properties
16%
Zinc oxide
16%
Flexible displays
16%
X rays
15%
Threshold voltage
15%
Diffraction
15%
Polarization
15%
Acoustic impedance
14%
Plasmas
14%
Heating
14%
Porphyrins
14%
Open circuit voltage
14%
Nitrides
14%
Radiation
14%
Excitons
14%
Tin oxides
14%
Glass
13%
Solid electrolytes
13%
Imaging techniques
13%
Diodes
13%
Oxide films
13%
Diamonds
13%
Carrier concentration
12%
Current density
12%
Proteins
12%
Molecules
12%
Nanostructures
12%
Photodetectors
12%
Electric fields
12%
Carrier transport
11%
Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy
11%
Characterization (materials science)
11%
Microwaves
11%
Hot Temperature
11%
Perovskite
11%
Epitaxial films
11%
Networks (circuits)
11%
Structural properties
11%
Silicon solar cells
11%
X ray diffraction
11%
Sapphire
11%
Metallorganic chemical vapor deposition
11%
Conversion efficiency
11%
Chemical vapor deposition
11%
MESFET devices
10%
Microbial fuel cells
10%
High resolution electron microscopy
10%
Plasmonics
10%
Microfluidics
10%
Chemical Compounds
Solar Cell
57%
Molecular Beam Epitaxy
46%
Liquid Film
39%
Simulation
35%
Voltage
35%
Semiconductor
33%
Nanowire
27%
Electron Particle
22%
Application
21%
Surface
21%
Photoluminescence
21%
Amorphous Silicon
20%
Energy
17%
Annealing
17%
Optical Property
17%
Alloy
16%
Band Gap
16%
Wavelength
16%
Oxide
14%
Strain
13%
Chemical Passivation
13%
Doping Material
13%
Electron Mobility
12%
Ambient Reaction Temperature
12%
Behavior as Electrode
12%
Electrical Property
12%
Compound Mobility
12%
Time
12%
Length
12%
Epitaxial Growth
11%
Resistance
11%
Diamond
11%
Transmission Electron Microscopy
11%
Diffusion
11%
Metal
10%
Porphyrin
10%
Current Density
10%
Monte Carlo Method
10%
Chemical Vapour Deposition
10%
Amorphous Material
9%
Tandem Solar Cell
9%
Phonon
9%
Polarization
9%
Superlattice
9%
Electron Transfer
9%
Reduction
9%
Microwave
8%
Epitaxial Film
8%
Threading Dislocation
8%
Quantum Dot
8%
Nitride
8%
Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy
8%
Nanomaterial
7%
Optical Phonon
7%
Zinc Oxide
7%
Optoelectronics
7%
Drain Current
7%
Carotenoid
7%
Nonconductor
7%
Atomic Layer Epitaxy
7%
Electric Field
7%
Dielectric Material
6%
Erbium
6%
Figure of Merit
6%
Sputtering
6%
Velocity
6%
Dimension
6%
Microstructure
6%
Anode
6%
Buffer Solution
6%
Short Circuit
6%
Breakdown Voltage
6%
Field Effect
6%
Leakage Current
6%
X-Ray Diffraction
6%
Dioxygen
6%
Energy Transfer
6%
Electron Microscopy
6%
Plasma
6%
Interface Trap
6%
Thermionic Emission
6%
Acoustic Phonon
6%
Multilayer
5%
Glass
5%
Chalcogenide Glass
5%
Polycrystalline Solid
5%
Statistical Ensemble
5%
Vacuum
5%
Single Crystalline Solid
5%
Hydrogen
5%
Atomic Force Microscopy
5%
Grain Boundary
5%
Quantum Transport
5%
Platinum
5%
Inductor
5%
Sheet Resistance
5%
Optical Gain
5%
Band Offset
5%
Composite Material
5%
Misfit Dislocation
5%
Physics & Astronomy
solar cells
34%
molecular beam epitaxy
31%
thin films
27%
silicon
26%
nanowires
25%
characterization
20%
quantum wells
19%
photoluminescence
19%
electrons
18%
simulation
18%
defects
17%
high electron mobility transistors
16%
performance
16%
transistors
16%
transmission electron microscopy
15%
silver
14%
superlattices
14%
electronics
14%
wavelengths
14%
field effect transistors
14%
temperature
14%
holography
14%
optical properties
13%
metals
12%
annealing
12%
indium oxides
12%
x rays
11%
quantum dots
11%
electron microscopy
11%
chalcogenides
11%
oxides
11%
room temperature
11%
quantum efficiency
10%
electric potential
10%
antennas
9%
electrical properties
9%
photometers
9%
fabrication
9%
electrodes
9%
tin oxides
9%
heterojunctions
9%
high resolution
9%
energy
9%
insulators
9%
polarization
9%
spectroscopy
9%
diamonds
9%
light emitting diodes
9%
dosage
8%
emitters
8%
diffraction
8%
ions
8%
lasers
8%
profiles
8%
phonons
8%
glass
8%
simulators
7%
electrical resistivity
7%
nitrides
7%
microwaves
7%
life (durability)
7%
radiation
7%
random access memory
7%
amorphous silicon
7%
zinc oxides
7%
wafers
7%
traps
7%
porphyrins
7%
backscattering
7%
passivity
7%
atomic layer epitaxy
7%
carrier lifetime
7%
buckling
7%
polyethylenes
7%
conduction
7%
metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
7%
scattering
6%
cavities
6%
oxygen
6%
diodes
6%
lasing
6%
carotenoids
6%
heating
6%
vapor deposition
6%
platinum
6%
sensors
6%
excitation
6%
alignment
6%
x ray diffraction
6%
chlorides
6%
indium
5%
thermionic emission
5%
buffers
5%
CMOS
5%
synthesis
5%
hydrogen
5%
chips
5%
aluminum
5%